Shuffleboard
or Shovelboard, a game played on a smooth floor, as the deck of a ship. Passengers on trans-oceanic steamers while away time by playing the game. Wooden disks are driven from a chalk line by a blow of a crutch-shaped cue toward a diagram of nine numbered squares, and the player whose disks occupy the squares having the highest numbers wins. The game is played also on a flat table with coins for counters. The coin that lies nearest the end of the table without falling off wins.
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Shumagin Islands
a group of islands lying S. W. of Kodiak, Alaska. The largest is Unga, on which is a Federal judicial station. Fox farming is carried on in several of the islands. The headquarters of the Alaskan cod fishing is in Unga.
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Shumla
or SHUMA, a fortified town of Bulgaria; on the Little Balkan, to the N. of the main range, at an elevation of 800 feet; 50 miles W. of Varna; and 60 S. E. of Rustchuk. It is of great strategical importance, commanding as it does the roads from the fortresses in the Lower Danube and in the Dobrudscha, and those from the E. passes of the Balkans. It is closed in on the N. and W. by mountains, and looks out to the E. and S. on an open plain where grain and the vine are cultivated and where there is extensive silk culture. Surrounded by high massive walls, it is further defended by by a citadel on the heights, and by several forts. The town has many mosques, large barracks for cavalry and artillery as well as infantry, an arsenal, military hospital, etc. There are manufactures of copper and tin wares, silk, leather, and wearing apparel. A great fair is held in June. The Russians failed to take the town in 774, 1810, and 1828. No attempt on it was made in the war of 1877-1878, but the place was evacuated by the Turks on the conclusion of peace, Pop. about 22,000.
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Shurtleff College
a coëducational institution in Upper Alton, Ill.; founded in 1835 under the auspices of the Baptist Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 15; students, 198; president, G. M. Potter, A.M.
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Shuster
W (ILLIAM) MORGAN, an American lawyer and editor, born in Washington, D. C., in 1877. He graduated from the Central High School in 1893, and studied law at Columbian University and Law School. He served in various government departments, and was insular collector of customs at Manila from 1901 to 1906. From 1906 to 1909 he was a member of the Philippine Commission, and secretary of public instruction in the Philippines. es. From May, 1911, to January, 1912, he served as treasurergeneral and financial adviser of Persia. His administration of the finances of this country were widely praised, but he was obliged to resign on account of the intrigues of Russia. Returning to the United States, he engaged in business, and in 1915 became president of the Century Co., and editor of the "Century Magazine."
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Shute
HENRY AUGUSTUS, an American author, born in Exeter, N. was educated at in 1856. He Harvard University, and in 1882 was admitted to the bar. In 1883 he became judge of the police court of his native town. He wrote Diary of a Real Boy" and "Sequel" (1904); "Letters to Beany and Love Letters of Plupy Shute" (1905); "Real Boys" (1905); "A Few Neighbors” (1906); "A Profane and Somewhat Unreliable History of Exeter" (1907); "The Country Band" (1908); "Farming It" (1909); "A Country Lawyer" (1911); "Plupy" (1912); "Misadventures of Three Good Boys" (1914); ; "The Youth Plupy" (1917); "The Lad with the Downy Chin" (1917);
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Shutter
The cast or wrought iron plate which, when suitably prepared with a loam daubing on both its sides, is set before the flow-hole inside the dam for the purpose of regulating the stream issuing from thence. A lever is usually employed to control it. Smaller shutters are employed to check or turn the stream of metal issuing from the furnace to a mould direct. When the metal is allowed to collect in a large sand-basin before entering the mould, the shutter controls the stream. See DAMS.
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Shuttle
SCHYTTYL, or SHYT- TELL, in weaving, an instrument used by weavers for shooting or passing the thread of the weft from one side of the web to the other, between the threads of the warp. It is a boat-shaped piece of wood, which carries a bobbin or cop containing the yarn of the weft or woof. The shuttle sometimes has wheels to facilitate its motion. It is thrown by hand or by the fly. The fly shuttle_was invented by John Kay, of Bury, England, im 1733. In a sewing machine, the sliding threadholder which carries the lower thread between the needle and the upper thread, to make a lock stitch. In hydraulic engineering, the gate which opens to allow the water to flow onto a wheel. That side of a wheel which receives the water is known as the shuttle side.
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Si-Kiang
or WEST RIVER, China, by far the most important of the streams which unite to form the Canton river. It is navigable for vessels drawing 12 feet 75 miles from the sea.
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Siagonium
in entomology, the typigenus of cal Siagoninæ. They have porrected horns on the head and thorax. The males are in two sets, differing greatly in the size of their bodies and in velopment of their horns. The females are the more numerous sex.
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Siamese Twins
The (1811-1874), natives of Siam. Eng, "right," and Chang, "left," were connected in their abdominal regions by a ligature several inches long and about two and one-half inches in diameter. The livers of the twins lay close to the extremities of the ligature, and were so connected with veins running from one to the other that surgeons did not dare to cut the twins apart. The band was long enough so that the twins could face each other or stand side by side. In 1829 Eng and Chang were brought to the United States and exhibited as wonders. They differed in size and habits. Chang was intemperate and irritable. Eng was quiet and sober. Under the name of Eng and Chang Bunker they lived at Mt. Airy, North Carolina , for twenty years. They married sisters and had large families of children, many of whom died young, but none were deformed. Chang died first of a paralytic stroke while Eng was asleep. Surgeons were hoping to free Eng and to keep him alive, but he expired in great terror inside of a few hours.
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