Tutuila
an island of the Samoan group, belonging to the United States under the treaty of Dec. 2, 1899, between the United States, Great Britain, and Sta Germany. For several years the United States was anxious to acquire possession of the harbor of Pago Pago, on this is land, for a naval and coaling station. In 1872 the local authorities ceded the harbor for this purpose, and in 1878 a treaty was signed in Washington by which the United States was given the right to establish at that harbor a station for coaling, naval sup supplies, freedom of trade, commercial treatment as a favored nation, and extra-territorial consular jurisdiction. This harbor was occupied by the United States in 1898, with the purpose of utilizing its advantages as a coaling and supply station. Tutuila, the island upon whose coast this harbor is located, has a population (1916) of 6,185, and an area of 77 square miles.
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Tver (City and capital)
a city and capital of the Russian province of the same name, is on both sides of the Volga at its confluence with the Tverza and the Tmaka, 110 miles N. W. of Moscow. It has fine streets and squares, a former imperial palace, a cathedral, and many churches, several monasteries, a priests' college, a gymnasium, a technical school, a cavalry cadets' school, a teachers' seminary, a ladies' college, several benevolent institutions, and a theater. There were before the World War many factories. Its position on the Petrograd-Moscow railway and on the river Volga gave Tver great transit traffic, which was chiefly in corn and metal wares. Entirely burnt in 1763, Tver was speedily rebuilt by Catharine II., who has here a monument. Pop. about 65,000.
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Tver (Province of Russia surrounded)
a province of Russia, surrounded by the provinces of Novgorod, pr Jaroslav, Vladimir, Moscow, Smolensk, and Pskov; area, 24,975 square miles; pop. about 2,500,000. From the Volchonski Forest, a range of thickly wooded limestone hills in the W., offsets running between lakes and swamps intersect almost the whole of Tver. In the Ostashkov district are the headwaters of the Volga, Düna, and Msta. Tver is drained by the Volga and its affluents. The Volga is connected with the Msta by the canal of Vishnij Volotchok, and by the Mologa and the Tichvin canal with the Tichvinka and Sias, which run into Lake Ladoga. There are 100 lakes in Tver, of which the largest are Seliger, Ochvat- Shadenje, and Steresh. One-fourth of the surface is forest. Potatoes and flax are increasingly cultivated. The chief occupations are the cutting and floating of wood, and the preparation of tar, pitch, and turpentine.
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Twachtman
JOHN HENRY, an American landscape painter, born in Cincinnati in 1853. He studied art at the Cincinnati School of Design under Duveneck and at Munich and at Paris, becoming one of the leading exponents in the United States of the impressionistic school of painting. His landscapes were distinguished for their color and for their harmony of form and masses. As subjects for his paintings he chose ood of Greenwich, chiefly the neighborhood Conn., where he lived, although he painted one series each of Niagara Falls and Yellowstone subjects. Samples of his work were acquired by most of the important_public collections in this country. He died in 1902. In 1913 a lone exhibition of his paintings was held in New York, and an entire room was devoted to his work at the Panama Pacific Exposition, San Francisco.
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Twain
Mark. See Clemens
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Tweed
a soft, twilled, woolen textile, woven in a plain or small check, or a plaid effect. Although quite heavy, the fabric is somewhat loose and elastic. Scotland was the home of tweed; Scotch tweed is still regarded as specially desirable although the fabric is produced in the United States . The name tweed was given to this fabric in a peculiar way. Until about 1870 these textiles were called simply twills, which word the Scotch pronounce "tweels." In a certain lawsuit in London, the word occurring in an invoice of goods was read incorrectly "tweed," which has ever since been used to designate this class of goods. It seems especially appropriate, as they are manufactured largely in southern Scotland near the river Tweed.
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Tweed
WILLIAM MARCY, an American politician; born in New York City, April 3, 1823; began life as a chairmaker; became an alderman; was in Congress in 1853-1855; was chairman of the board of supervisors of New York City in 1856, and school commissioner in 1856-1857. He was twice sent to the State Senate, and in 1870 was appointed commissioner of public works for the city. He had previously been chairman of the general committee of Tammany Hall and grand sachem. As head of the "Tweed Ring," composed of influential and unscrupulous politicians, he succeeded in obtaining control of the funds of the city government and distributed almost unlimited patronage to his friends. He was brought to trial in 1873; convicted on no less than 12 charges of fraud; and was sent to the penitentiary for 12 years. A reversal of his sentence was obtained in 1875, but he was again imprisoned for lack of bail on a series of civil suits. He broke jail and escaped to Spain, but was captured, sent back to New York on a warship, warshi and recommitted to Ludlow street jail, where he died, April 12, 1878.
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Tweed (Cloth so called from the name)
a cloth, so called from the name of the river which falls into the sea at Berwick, where it is largely manufactured. It is said, however, that some cloth called on an invoice tweels, or tweeled, that is, woven diagonally, having been sent to London, the word, which was blotted or imperfectly written, was misread Tweed, and as the cloth was manufactured in the valley of the Tweed, and the designation tweed was consequently an appropriate one, it was allowed to stand, even after the error had been detected.
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Tweed (River of Scotland which rises)
a river of Scotland, which rises in the S. part of Peeblesshire, passes by or near to Peebles, Melrose, Kelso, Coldstream, from near which place it forms the boundary line between England and Scotland for 16 miles, runs through England for a short distance, and then enters the North Sea at Berwick; total length, 97 miles. Its tributaries include the Ettrick, Gala, Leader, Teviot, Eden, and Till. Its waters abound with salmon and trout, and its name is celebrated in connection with some of the best literature of Scotland.
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