Taylor, Bayard
Bayard (1825-1878), an American writer. He was a native of Pennsylvania, and may be said to have had a high school education. At the age of nineteen he set out for a two years' tour in western Europe. He wrote articles for several American newspapers, afterward publishing them in a volume under the title of Views Afoot, or Europe Seen with Knapsack and Cap. On his return he worked on the staff of the New York Tribune, and was sent to California to write up the excitement attendant on the discovery of gold. These articles he published in 1850 under the title of Eldorado. In 1851 he revisited the Old World, passing through Egypt, Asia Minor , India, China, and Japan. On his return, he published A Journey to Central Africa, The Land of the Saracens, A Visit to India, China, and Japan. From time to time he wrote short tales and essays. In 1857 he visited Scandinavia, writing up his experience under the title of Modern Travel. In 1862 he received a diplomatic appointment at St. Petersburg, and in 1878 was made United States Ambassador at Berlin. His Translation of Faust is one of his best known works. He wrote several novels, including Anna Thurston and John Godfrey's Fortunes, and a History of Germany. His collected poems fill a volume. Taylor is regarded as an industrious. trustworthy writer of moderate ability, who has rendered the world good service.
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Taylorville
a city of Illinois, the county-seat of Christian co. It is on the Wabash, the Chicago and Illinois Midland, and the Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern railroads. It is the center of an important agricultural and stock raising, and coal mining region. Its inpadustries include the manufacture of per, chemicals, brick, tile, and agricultural implements. It has the St. Vincent Hospital, a public library, and a handsome courthouse. Pop. (1910) 5,446; (1920) 5,806.
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Tchernaya
a river in the Crimea. On Aug. 16, 1855, the lines of the allied army at this place were attacked by 50,000 Russians under Prince Gortchakoff, who was repulsed with the loss of 3,329 slain, 1,658 wounded, and 600 prisoners. The brunt_of the was borne by two French regiments under General D'Herbillon. The loss of the allies was about 1,200; 200 of these were from the Sardinian contingent, which behaved with great gallantry, under the command of General La Marmora. The Russian General Read, and the Sardinian General Montevecchio, were killed. The object of the attack was the relief of ebastopol, then closely besieged by the English and French.
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Tchudi
a name given by the Russians to the Finnic races in the N. W. of Russia. It is now more generally applied to designate the group of peoples Esthonians, the of which the Finns, the Livonians, and the Laplanders are members.
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Te Deum
te de'um, or Te Deum Laudamus, the first words and title of a Latin hymn of Thanksgiving. The three words mean "We praise thee, O God." The hymn or psalm dates not later than the sixth century, and portions of it, at least, are centuries earlier. The Te Deum is sung at morning prayer in the Roman Catholic and in the English Church; also on occasions of special thanksgiving, It is not considered appropriate during the season of Lent. See Hymn ; Stabat Mater
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Teachers College
an institution for the training of teachers and school administrators, and for research in the field of education. It was founded in New York City in 1888 and in 1898 became a part of the educational system of Columbia University. There were in 1919 1,567 students in the educational department, and 1,551 in the practical arts department. The faculty numbered 226. The library contains about 60,000 volumes.
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Tears on Shutters
It is mentioned in Pennant's Tour that in some parts of Scotland it was the custom, on the death of any person of distinction, to paint on the doors and windowshutters white tadpole-like shapes, on a black ground. These were intended to represent tears, and were a sign of general mourning.
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Teasdale
SARA (MRS. ERNST B. FILSINGER), an American author, born at St. Louis, Mo., 1884. She was educated at private schools in St. Louis, and is a member of the Poetry Society of America and the St. Louis Artists' Guild. Her works include: "Sonnets to Duse, use, and Other Poems"; "Helen of Troy, and Other Poems"; "Rivers to the Sea"; "Love Songs." She has also been editor of "The Answering Voice" and "One Hundred Love Lyrics by Women." She received the Columbia University-Poetry Society of America prize awarded in 1917 to "Love Songs."
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Teasel
tezl, an herb four or five feet high, not related to burdock, but producing somewhat similar heads. The bracts are armed with recurved prickly points. The most common kind, the fuller's teasel, is used to tease or pull up the nap on woolen cloth. No machinery has yet been devised to take its place. Fuller's teasel commands a regular price and is much cultivated in England, also in New York for sale to the woolen mills.
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Teasel
in botany, the genus Dipsac- About 150 species are known, naus. tives of the temperate parts of the Old World and of America. This order consists of herbaceous and half-scrubby exogenous plants with opposite or whorled leaves and flowers in heads. The only valuable species of the order, D. fullon um, fuller's teasel is four feet high, the bracts hooked, the flowers oval, pale purple or whitish. It is probably only a variety of D. sylvestris. It grows best in a stiff loam. The crooked awns or chaffs are fixed around the circumference of large broad wheels or cylinders, and woolen cloth is held against them. They raise a nap on it which is afterward cut level. A piece of fine broadcloth requires 1,500 or 2,000 of them to bring out the nap, after which the teasels are broken and useless. Steel substitutes for teasels have been tried, but ineffectually; they are not sufficiently pliant, and tear the fine fibers of the cloth. Also in mechanics and cloth manufacture, any contrivance used as a substitute for teasels in the dressing of woolen cloth.
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