Templin
OLIN, an American college dean, born at Camden, Ind., in 1861. He studied at the University of Kansas, of Gottingen, and of Berlin, leaving this last in 1889. He was assistant professor of mathematics, 1884-1890; associate professor of philosophy, 1890-1893, and professor and head of the department from 1893 of the University of Kansas. He has been dean of the College of the Liberal Arts and Sciences from 1903. He was director of the school and college activities in connection with the United States Food Administration, 1917-1919.
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Tempo
in music, a word used to express the rate of movement or degree of quickness with which a piece of music is to be executed. The degrees of time are indicated by certain words such as lento (slow), adagio or largo (leisurely), andante (walking pace), allegro (gay or quick), presto (rapid), prestissimo (very rapid), etc.
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Tempon-teloris-Ship of the Dead
Among the Dayaks of Borneo the Ship of the Dead , the vessel which carries the souls of the departed in search of the hereafter, is generally represented as being of the shape of a bird, the rhinoceroshornbill. Accompanying the souls on their journey through the fire-sea are all the stores which have been laid out at the trivah or feast of the dead, and all the slaves who have been killed for that purpose. After some vicissitudes in the fiery sea, the Ship of the Dead, with Tempon-telon at the helm, reaches the golden shores of the Blessed.
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Temporal Bone
in anatomy, a bone articulating posteriorly and internally with the occipital bone, superiorly with the parietal, anteriorly with the sphenoid, the malar, and the inferior maxillary bone. It constitutes part of the side and base of the skull, and contains in its interior the organ of hearing.
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Temporal Power
the power which the Pope exercised as sovereign of the States of the Church. Pius VII. was partially deprived of his dominions by Napoleon I. in 1797, and entirely in 1808. The Pope replied by a bull of excommunication; he was then arrested and kept a close prisoner in France till the fall of Napoleon in 1814, when he was reinstated in the government of an undimin ished territory. The temporal power was again attacked in 1848, when Pius IX. was driven from Rome, and a republic was established by Mazzini and Garibaldi. In 1849 General Oudinot was sent by Louis Napoleon, president of the French Republic, to Rome, and his army drove out the revolutionists and brought the Pope back. For 10 years the Pope's power was not attacked, but Cavour (1810-1861) was working steadily for a "United Italy," and in 1870 Victor Emmanuel, King of Italy, took possession of the papal territory, leaving the Pope only the Vatican. An annual donation of 2,000,000 lire was guaranteed to him by the Italian Parliament, but he never accepted it. Also, the power exercised by the Popes in the Middle Ages of excommunicating, and after excommunication deposing or procuring the deposition of a sovereign who had fallen into heresy.
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Temryuk
a fortified town of south Russia, in the Kuban district of the Caucasus; on a peninsula on the S. side of the Sea of Azov, in the bay of Temryuk.
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Tenacity
It is easier to pull asunder a bar of lead than a bar of steel of equal dimensions. This proves that the molecules of some solids cohere more strongly than others. A solid is said to be ruptured when it is thus forcibly pulled asunder, and the power that resists this rupture is called tenacity. If we find how much force is required to pull asunder rods of different solids having equal dimensions, we can then determine their relative tenacity. Tenacity is also that quality of cohesiveness in bodies that causes them to adhere to other bodies, as glutinous, stickiness, etc. See COHESION; ADHESION; STRENGTH OF MATERIALS; METALS.
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Tenafly
a borough of New Jersey, in Bergen co. It is essentially a residen tial town. It has manufactures of cloth and window shades. It has a hospital, a home for the aged, and several other in stitutions. Pop. (1910) 2,756; (1920) 3,585.
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Tenant
. See Landlord; Rent
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Tenant
in law, one who occupies, or has temporary possession of lands or tenements, the titles of which are in another, the landlord. A "tenant at will" is one who occupies lands or tenements for no fixed term other than the will of the landlord. A "tenant in common" is one who holds lands or tenements along with another or other persons. Each share in the estate is distinct in title, and on the death of a tenant his share goes to his heirs or executors. A "tenant for life" (in Scotland and, a "life-renter") is one who has possession of a freehold estate or interest, the duration of which is determined by the life of the tenant or another. An estate for life is generally created by deed, but it may originate by the ope operation of law, as the widow's estate in dower, and the husband's estate by courtesy on the death of his wife.
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Tenant Right
a term specifically applied to an Irish custom, long prevalent in Ulster, either ensuring a permanence of tenure in the same occupant without liability to any other increase of rent than may be sanctioned by the general sentiments of the community, or entitling the tenant of a farm to receive purchase money amounting to so many years' rent on its being transferred to another tenant; the tenant having also a claim to the value of permanent improvements effected by him. In course of time the advantages of tenant right granted to the Ulster farmers were claimed by the farmers in the other provinces of Ireland, and the custom spread to a considerable extent. At last, under the management of Gladstone and Bright, the Landlord and Tenant Act of 1870 was passed. By it the Ulster tenant right and other corresponding customs received the force of law, and the outgoing tenant became entitled to compensation from the proprietor to an amount varying according to circumstances. The act contained other provisions giving compensation for improvements, but as it did not succeed in doing away with all grievances a fresh bill was prepared and passed under the name of the Land Law Act, 1881, which established a land commission to revise rents, and to fix them for 15 years. This measure has been amended by subsequent acts.
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