Thera
an island in the Grecian archipelago, the most S. of the Cyclades; 41 sq. m. It possesses extraordinary geological interest on account of the volcanic transformations of which it has been the theater. The whole island is simply one side of a vast crater, the other side of which has sunk into the sea. From the site of the ancient center of volcanic energy small islands have at different times been raised, the last in 1866. Many volcanic convulsions have been witnessed and recorded in Thera during historic time; e. g., 198 B. C., A. D. THERIDIIDÆ 1710, besides the occurrences of 1866, when two small islands emerged. The soil is exceedingly fertile. THERAPEUTÆ, an ascetic sect, supposed to live on Lake Mareotis, near Alexandria. Their discipline resembled that of the Essenes, but was more severe in food and in the preference for the solitary life to the common fellowship. Throughout the week each lived in his lonely dwelling, but on the Sabbath they assembled for worship. The sole authority for their existence, "The Contemplative Life," is not now attributed to Philo but to an early Christian writing about 300 A. D.
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Therapeutics
the science which treats of the healing of diseases. It deals with the form, manner, and time in which drugs should be administered, if needful to administer them at all; it instructs how to avoid incompatible combinations, and classifies remedial agents. Therapeutics also investigates the laws of health, and how it can be preserved. Another branch of it is dietetics.
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Therapnae
A town in Laconia, on the left bank of the Eurotas and a little above Sparta , celebrated in mythology as the birthplace of Castor and Pollux . Menelaus and Helen were said to be buried here. 2026 Editor's Note: While this page describes the Laconian site, ancient records also identify a town named Therapnae in Boeotia. The Boeotian town was situated in the territory of Thebes, between that city and the river Asopus. Unlike the Laconian site near Sparta, the exact location of the Boeotian town remains unknown. (Ed: BR 2026-06-03)
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Therapon
in ichthyology, a genus of Percidæ, with about 20 species, some of which are more or less marine, spread over the Indo-Pacific. Body oblong, compressed, with scales of moderate size; teeth villiform; branchiostegals six, They are all of small size, and may be readily recognized by the blackish longitudinal bands with which the body is ornamented.
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Theriaca
originally a compound prepared by Andromachus of Crete, physician to the Emperor Nero, which continued in high repute till recent times In Venice, Holland, France, and other places it had to be prepared with certain solemnities in the presence of the magis: trates. It received its name from the belief that it was an antidote to the poison of venomous creatures. The word treacle is a corruption of theriaca, and was first applied to a syrup, medicine, oi electuary, and then, from similarity of appearance, to the uncrystallized residue obtained in the preparation of sugar, and known as molasses. HERIDIIDE, in zoölogy, a very ex, tensive family of Dipneumonex. Small or moderate-sized spiders, with the abdomen generally large, as compared with the cephalothorax, and broadly ovate. the longest; eyes in Fore legs usually lly These spiders are two transverse rows. found among foliage, and sometimes conwebs. The species are struct irregular lar most numerous in temperate climates, THERIDIIDÆ and the greater number belong to the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Theriodontia
in paleontology, an order of Reptilia, founded by Owen for the reception of a number of remains from deposits in South Africa of Triassic or Permian age. The dentition is of the carnivorous type, consisting of incisors, canines, and molars.
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Theriomorpha
in zoölogy, Owen's name for the tailless amphibians (frogs and toads), more generally called Anoura, or Batrachia Salientia. It is a synonym of Huxley's Batrachia, a name used by Owen to designate the class Amphibia. THERMÆ. In the Roman thermæ, the baths were of secondary importance. They were a Roman adaptation of the Greek gymnasium, contained exedræ for the philosophers and rhetoricians to lecture in, porticoes for the idle, and libraries for the learned, and were adorned with marbles, fountains, and shaded walks and plantations.
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Thermocrosis
in physics, heat A red flame, looked at coloration. through a red glass appears quite bright, but through a green glass it appears dim or scarcely visible. So in like manner heat which has traversed a red glass passes through another red glass with little diminution, but is almost completely stopped by a green glass. To these different obscure calorific rays Melloni gave the name of thermocrosis.
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Thermodynamic Engine
any form of heat engine (as gas or steam engines) by means of which a percentage of the heat lost by one body called the source, on account of its connection with another body called the refrigerator, is converted into kinetic energy or mechanical effect, and made available for the performance of work. The efficiency of a heat engine is the ratio of the heat available for mechanical effect to the total heat taken from the A reversible engine is called source. a perfect engine, because it is the most efficient engine between the temperatures of its source and refrigerator.
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Thermograph
a thermometer provided with a recording device. The form generally used has a crescent shaped bulb, filled with alcohol and hermetically sealed. A change in the temperature affects the curve of the bulb, and the alteration of form is communicated to a series of multiplying levers, which in turn exaggerate the motion, and give impetus to a recording pen. This pen makes a tracing on the ruled paper of a moving cylinder. Bartlett's thermograph is especially designed for greenhouses, having a register for indicating in the office the temperatures prevailing in the different houses. This apparatus is sometimes arranged so that a rise in temperature to 100° will ring a gong. Thus arranged it serves as a warning of fire.
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Thermopyle
a famous pass leading from Thessaly into Locris, and the only road by which an invading army can penetrate from Northern into Southern Greece. It lies S. of the present course of the river Spercheius, between Mount Œta and what was anciently an impassable morass bordering on the Maliac Gulf. In the pass are several hot springs, from which Thermopylæ probably received the first part of its name. Thermopylæ has won an eternal celebrity as the scene of the heroic death of LEONIDAS (q. v.) and his 300 Spartans in their attempt to stem the tide of Persian invasion (480 B. c.). Again in 279 B. c. Brennus, at the head of a Gallic host, succeeded, through the same treachery that had secured a victory to Xerxes, in forcing the united Greeks to withdraw from the pass.
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