These 11 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Tosti, Totnes, Toucan.
SIR FRANCESCO PAOLO, an Italian composer; born in Ortona, Italy, April 9, 1846. He was famous as a composer of songs in Italian, French, and English; among his best-known ballads being "For Ever and For Ever" and "Beauty's Eyes." In 1875 he went to London and in 1880 was appointed singing teacher to the royal family. He wrote the operas, "The Grand Duke"; "The Prima Donna"; etc. He was knighted in 1908. He died in 1916.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a municipal borough and market town of Devonshire, England, pleasantly situated on the slope of a steep hill on the right bank of the Dart; 29 miles S. S. W. of Exeter and 24 E. N. E. of Plymouth. The Dart is navigable to this point for vessels of 200 tons, and Brut the Trojan is fabled to have landed here; the "Brutus Stone," on which he first set foot, may be seen in the main street. At least, Totnes is a place of great antiquity, and retains two gateways, emains of the walls, a quaint guildhall, a good many antique houses, and an interesting Perpendicular TOUCAN church (1432; restored by Scott, 1874), with a noble red sandstone tower and a fine stone screen. The Norman castle of Judhael de Totnes, that crowns the hilltop, is represented by the circular shell keep. There is a grammar school (1568); and on the "Plains," near the river, stands a granite obelisk to the Australian explorer Wills, who was a native, as also was the Hebraist Kennicott. The borough was incorporated by King John. Pop. about 4,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in ornithology, the popular name of any bird of the genus Rhamphastos, often applied to the whole family Rhamphastidæ. They are all natives of tropical America, and are easily distinguished by their enormous bill, irregularly the toothed along margin of the mandibles. All the species live in pairs in the shade of the forests, occasionally congregating in small parties, but never approaching the human habitations. In the true toucans the ground color of the plumage is generally black; the throat, breast, and rump adorned with white, yellow and red; the body is short and thick; tail rounded or even, varying in length in the different species, and capable of being turned up over the back when the bird goes to roost. Toucans have been described as carnivorous; in captivity they will readily devour small birds, but probably in a state of nature their diet consists almost exclusively of fruit. They are remarkable among birds for a regurgitation of food, which, after being swallowed, is brought up to undergo mastication, an operation somewhat analogous to the chewing of the cud among ruminants. They are easily tamed, and bear confinement well, even in cold climates.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
Used by assayers and refiners; are little bars of gold, silver, and copper combined together in all the different proportions and degrees of mixture. Their use is to discover the degree of purity of any piece of gold or silver by comparing the marks they leave on the touchstone with those of the bars. The touchstone is usually a piece of hard black basalt. See ASSAYING; BASALT. Toughened Glass is made by plunging the glass into a bath containing an oleaginous mixture after heating almost to melting-point the articles to be toughened, the bath itself being at a high temperature, but not so high as the glass itself. Some of the articles are thus toughened without any previous annealing--simply dropping them from the workman's rod directly into the bath.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
This quality in metals is simply the power to resist rupture--firmness, strength, compactness; not readily broken or fractured by bending, drawing, or extending. A metal possessing this quality is flexible without brittleness, yielding to force without breaking. Toughness is tested by bending, torsion, etc. See STRENGTH OF MATERIALS.
Only in The Encyclopedia of Founding
a town of France, department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, on the Moselle, 12 miles W. of Nancy. It is strongly fortified, and has a fine Gothic cathedral, completed in the 15th century. Toul was taken in the Franco-German War after a siege of five weeks, Sept. 23, 1870. Pop. (1906), 13,345.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
an ancient province of France; bounded N. by Maine, E. by Orléanais and Berry, S. by Berry and Poitou, and W. by Anjou and Poitou. It now forms the department of Indre-et- Loire.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
This arrangement of the train and escapement is the invention of A. L. Breguet and consists of a light steel framework in which the escapement of a watch was mounted upon the fourth pinion, taking the place of the fourth wheel. By this arrangement the escapement revolved, thus eliminating the position errors to a great extent. The arrangement of Brequet has been simplified by Bonniksen and is known as the Karrousel watch.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
a town of France, department of Nord; 9 miles N. N. E. of Lille; is a well-built thriving manufacturing town, the staple manufactures being woolen, cotton, linen, and silk stuffs, besides dye works, soap works, sugar refineries, machine works, etc. It was captured and almost destroyed by the Germans in 1914. Pop. about 82,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ALBION WINEGAR, an American jurist and author; born in Williamsfield, O., May 2, 1838; was graduated at Rochester University, N. Y., in 1862; admitted to the bar, 1864, served in the Civil War in the Union army, and was wounded on two occasions; at the close of the war commenced the practice of law at Greensboro, N. C., and at the Southern loyalist convention at Philadelphia, 1866 , drew up the report on the condition of the States lately in revolt. In 1868 he became judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina. Besides compiling " A Code of Civil Procedure for North Carolina " he wrote "A Fool's Errand" ; "An Appeal to Cæsar"; "Bricks Without Straw"; "The Story of a Thousand"; "The Man Who Outlived Himself"; "Letters to a King"; etc. In 1897 he was appointed United States consul at Bordeaux, France. He died there May 21, 1905.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
toor-zha', Albion Winegar (1838-), an American jurist and author. He was born at Williamsfield, Ohio. He was educated at the University of Rochester, New York . He enlisted as a soldier in the Civil War, but was wounded in the battle of Bull Run , and obtained consequently his discharge. He then studied law and was admitted to the bar at Painesville, Ohio. In 1862 he again entered military service. He began the practice of law in 1865 at Greensboro, North Carolina . His first novels, A Fool's Errand and Figs and Thistles, were published in 1879. These, as well as several later stories, had to do with reconstruction times in the South. They created wide interest and discussion. Bricks Without Straw, An Appeal to Caesar, and Hot Ploughshares are other titles.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia