Taoism (TAONISM that had preceded them)
or TAONISM that had preceded them, by believing firmly that ultimately good would gain the victory over evil, and by insisting that good should be returned for evil, as the sure way to overcome it. The head of the body was a sort of patriarch, who had the power of transmitting his dignity and office to a member of his own family, and the descendants of the first are said to have held the office for centuries. Tao was afterward personified, and regarded as the first being of the universe. The Taoists attributed to him eternity and invisibility; but they do not seem to have regarded him as being in any way able to assist or comfort his followers. All they had to do was to contemplate him and his virtues, and to strive to keep in the "way." When Taoism appears as a definite factor in the history of China, in the 3d century B. C., it appears as a congeries of superstitions. Taoism was largely modified by Buddhism, some of the doctrines and practices of which it adopted; but it still adheres to its old superstitions, though in its treatises it enjoins much of the Confucian and the Buddhistic morality.
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Taormina
a town on the E. coast of Sicily; on a lofty rock 900 feet above the sea; 35 miles S. W. of Messina. It has numerous relics of antiquity, as an aqueduct, tesselated pavements, and the remains of a theater, reckoned one of the most splendid ruins in Sicily, and commanding a view of almost unparalleled magnificence. Taormina (ancient Tauromenium), founded by the Siculi in the 4th century B. C., long Roman possession. It was taken by the Saracens in 902 and 962, by the Normans in 1078, by the French in 1676, and in 1849 by the Neapolitans under Filangleri.
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Taos
the most N. of the Pueblo tribes of North American Indians. They live in New Mexico, in a village of the same name, on the Rio de Taos, 50 miles N. of Santa Fé, and number about 400.
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Tap
The quantity of metal which runs from a furnace or cupola, from the time of opening or tapping to that of closing or botting up, is called a tap. A large ladle is said to be filled at one or more taps, as the case may be.
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Tap-cinder
See MILL-CINDER. Taper is draught given to patterns and models to make their withdrawal from the sand easier. In other words, the lowest parts of a pattern are made smaller in dimensions than the upper, in order that a gradually increasing clearance shall occur as the pattern is being drawn from the sand. This not only minimizes the damage to the mould, but to pattern also; the straining and rapping being always in proportion to the amount of taper given. See DRAUGHT.
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Tapajos
a river of Brazil, rises in the Serra Diamantina, 20 miles from the headwaters of the Paraguay, and after a N. course of 1,100 miles, joins the Amazon in lon. 35° W. The Tapajos is a dark, wide stream, and is navigable throughout most of its length. Steamers ply on its lower course for several hundred miles.
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Taper Chuck
A solid chuck having a large opening for the reception of tapers, centers, laps, etc., as shown in Fig. 84.
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Tappan
EVA MARCH, an American author, born at Blackstone, Mass., 1854. She was the daughter of the Rev. Edmund March Tappan and was educated at Vassar College, and the University of Pennsylvania. Her works include: "Charles "Charles Lamb, the Man and the Author"; "In the Days of Alfred the Great"; "In the Days of William the Conqueror"; "In the Days of Queen Elizabeth"; "Our Country's Story"; "Robin Hood, His Book"; "American Hero Stories"; "When Knights Were Bold"; "The House with the Silver Door"; "The Farmer and His Friends"; "Diggers in the Earth"; "Food Saving and Sharing"; "The Little Book of Our Country".
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Tapti
a river of Bombay, India; rising in the Betus district of the Central Provinces, and flowing 450 miles W. through the Sátpura uplands and the districts of Candeish and Surat to the Gulf of Cambay; 17 miles below the town of Surat. Even small vessels of 40 to 50 tons burden cannot ascend higher than Surat. The port of Suwali at the mouth is now deserted, and the lower channels of the river are being silted up.
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Tar River
a river in North Carolina, which rises in Granville co., flows S. E., and enters Pamlico Sound by a wide estuary. The lower part of it is called Pamlico river. It is about 200 miles long.
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Tara
a parish in Meath co., Ire- , 21 miles N. W. of land Dublin. It was a royal residence in the early days of Ireland and from the hill of Tara was brought the famous stone long used in the coronation of the Scotch kings at Scone. It is now in the chair of Edward the Confessor at Westminster. A sort of Parliament used to be held at Tara, in which all the nobles and principal scholars of Ireland met to institute new laws or to extend and renew old ones, and to examine and correct the national annals and history of the country. TARAI. See TERAI. TARA FERN (pteridium aquilina esculenta), a species of bracken, the rhizome of which was used as food by the Maoris before the British settlement of New Zealand. It is found in Australia, Japan, and the Hawaiian Islands.
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Tarantella
or TARANTELLE, in music, a rapid Neapolitan dance in triplets; so called because it was popularly thought to be a remedy against the Q supposed poisonous bite of the tarantula spider, which was said to set people dancing. Older specimens of the dance are not in triplets. The dance was in vogue in the 16th century.
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Tarantism
a dancing mania attributed to the bite of the tarantula spider. It was especially prevalent at Taranto in Apulia, Italy.
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Tarare
a town of France, department of the Rhone, on the Tardine, among the Beaujolais Mountains; 21 miles N. W. of Lyon. It has two fine churches of the Madeleine and St. André, and manufactures fine muslins, tarlatans, plush, velvets, and other textures, to the value of 7,000,000 francs yearly. Pop. (1906) 12,016.
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