Single-source entries: T (9)

Tarlatan

. See Swiss

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Tarn

a department of France, in Languedoc, named from the above river; area, 2,231 square miles; pop. about 324,- 000. The surface is intersected by hills, sumwhich generally terminate in flat mits, on which, as well as their sides, cereals and vines are cultivated. The minerals include iron and coal, both of which are partially worked. Woolens, linens, hosiery, etc., are manufactured; capital, Alby.

a river of southern France, which rises on the S. slope of Mount Lozère, near Florac, in the department of Lozère; flows through the departments Tarn, Haute-Garonne, and of Aveyron, Tarn-et-Garonne; and finally joins the Garonne. Its whole course is 230 miles, of which about 100 miles beginning at Alby are navigable.

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Tarn-Et-Garonne

a department rivof France, named after its two chief rivers; area, 1,441 square miles; pop. about 182,500. This department belongs to the basin of the Garonne which traverses it S. to N. W., and receives within it the accumulated waters of the Tarn and Aveyron which are both navigable. The arable land raises heavy crops of wheat, maize, hemp, tobacco, grapes, and fruit of all kinds. The most important manufactures consist of common woolen cloth and serge, linen goods, silk hosiery, cutlery, leather, etc.; capital, Montauban.

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Tarnopol

a town of Galicia, Poland; on the Sered river; 80 miles S. E. of Lemberg. It has a Roman Catholic and a Greek church, a Jesuit college, upper gymnasium, etc. Before the World War there was considerable trade in corn and other agricultural products. A great horse market with horse races was held annually. Pop. about 35,000.

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Tarnow

a town of Galicia, Poland, 47% miles E. of Cracow, on the navigable Dunjec river, not far from the mouth of the Vistula. It is the seat of a bishop, and has a town house and cathedral with curious statues of the princes of Ostrog and Tarnow. The chief trade before the World War was in corn, linen, leather, and timber. Pop. about 37,000. See TARO (Colocasia macrorhiza, or Arum esculentum), a plant of the natural order Araceæ, of the same genus with the Cocco (q. v.) or Eddoes, and cultivated for its roots, which are a principal article of food in the South Sea Islands. A pleasant flour is made of taro. The plant has no stalk; broad, heart-shaped leaves spring the root; and the flower is produced in a spathe. The leaves are used as spinach.

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Tarquinius Priscus

The fifth king of Rome, and son of Demaratus, a native of Greece. He exhibited military talents in the victories he gained over the Sabines. During peace he devoted attention to the improvement of the capital. He was assassinated in his eightieth year, B. C. 578.

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Tarquinius Superbus

He ascended the throne of Rome after Servius Tullius, whom he murdered, and married his daughter Tullia. His reign was characterized by tyranny, and eventually he was expelled from Rome; surviving his disgrace for fourteen years, and dying in his ninetieth year.

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Tarr

RALPH STOCKMAN, an American scientist; born in Gloucester, Mass., Jan. 15, 1864; was graduated at the Lawrence Scientific School, Harvard University, in 1891. He was an assistant on the United States Fish Commission and in the Smithsonian Institution in 1882-1883, and assistant in the United States Geological Survey in 1888-1891; assistant Professor of Geology at Cornell University in 1892-1897; and in the latter year became Professor of Dynamic Geology which position he held until his death in 1912. His publications include: "Economic Geology of the United States" (1893); "Elementary Physical Geography" (1895); "Elementary Geology" (1897); "First Book of Physical Geography" (1897); "Physical Geography of New York" (1902); "Geography of Science" (1902); "Alaskan Studies" (1914); "College Physiography" (1914).

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Tarragona

a seaport in Spain; capital of a province of the same name; on the Francoli, at its mouth in the Mediterranean on a limestone rock. The chief building is the large cathedral, a fine Gothic building partly of the 11th century. The town was founded by the Phœnicians, and became of great importance under the Romans. In its environs are an ancient amphitheater, a circus, an aqueduct, etc. It was taken and sacked by the French under Suchet in 1811. It has a trade in corn, oil, wine, fruit, etc. Pop. about 24,500.

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Tartan

tar'tan, or Plaid, cloth woven in a checkered pattern. The checks are produced by bands of different colors running side by side in both the warp and weft. It is, in all probability, the most ancient form of ornamental weaving. The Highlanders were noted for tartans produced from the long wool of the Highland sheep. A shepherd never thought of taking to the hills without a shepherd's plaid or blanket. It served him both as tent and cloak. Each clan had its own pattern. The Campbells for instance, could be told from the MacGregors by their tartans. In time of warfare the clan tartan served as a sort of uniform. See Highlands ; Bagpipe

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Tartarus, Thisbe, Triton & Triumviri

Tartarus One of the regions of hell, where, according to Vergil, the souls of those who were exceptionally depraved were punished. Thisbe A beautiful girl of Babylon, beloved by Pyramus. Triton A sea deity, son of Neptune and Amphitrite. He was very powerful, and could calm the sea and abate storms at his pleasure. Triumviri Three magistrates appointed to govern the Roman state with absolute power.

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Tartary

properly TATARY, the name under which, in the Middle Ages, was comprised the whole central belt of central Asia and eastern Europe, from the Sea of Japan to the Dnieper, including Manchuria, Mongolia, Chinese Turkestan, Independent Turkestan, the Kalmuck and Kirghiz steppes, and the old khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan, and the Crimea, and even the Cossack countries; and hence arose a distinction of Tartary into European and Asiatic. But latterly the name Tartary had a much more limited signification, including only Chinese Turkestan and Western Turkestan. It took its name from the Tatars or TARTARS (q. v.).

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Tartuffe

tar-tuf', a religious hypocrite in Moliere's comedy of Tartuffe. The French tragedian has drawn his character so well that "Tartuffism" has become a general name for the practices of a hypocrite. See Moliere

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