Ulloa
ANTONIO DE, a Spanish statesman; born in Seville, Spain, Jan. 12, 1716. He spent many years in North and South America, and was governor of Louisiana in 1766. Among his writings are: "Account of a Voyage to South America" (1748); "American Notes: Physico-Historical Talks on South America and Eastern North America" (1772); "Secret Information concerning America" (1826), confidential reports made to the Spanish ministry. He died near Cadiz, Spain, July 5, 1795.
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Ullswater
after Windermere the largest of English lakes; between the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, 5½ miles S. W. of Penrith and 11 E. S. E. of Keswick. Lying 477 feet above sea-level, it is 9 miles long, 14 to ¼ mile broad, and 205 feet in maximum depth. It is divided into three reaches, which increase in beauty and grandeur as one goes up it from Pooley Bridge to Patterdale, a chief feature of the landscape being the lofty mountain Helvellyn (3,118 feet), which rises from the S. W. extremity of the lake.
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Ulmus
the elm; the typical genus of Ulmaceæ. Flowers perfect; calyx persistent, campanulate, or conical at the base, with three to eight divisions; stamens five, filaments straight in æstivation; ovary two-celled; seed-vessel a samara winged all round; known species about 13. Distribution that of the order. Two species, U. americana, the common white elm, and U. fulva, the slippery elm, are abundant in America. The bark of U. campestris is used in India as an alterative, tonic, and demulcent in chronic skin diseases, especially lepra, psoriasis, and herpes; also as a diaphoretic diaphoretic and diuretic. The bark of U. wallichiana, a large deciduous tree from the northwestern Himalaya, contains a strong fiber especially derived from the flower stalk. An oil is expressed from U. integrifolia, another large deciduous tree, a native of the Indian and Burmese hills; its bruised leaves are applied to boils.
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Ulna
a long prismatoidal bone, at the inner side of the forearm, parallel with the radius, with which it articulates. It is the larger and longer of the two bones, and consists of a shaft and two extremities, the upper of which forms a large part of the articulation of the elbow joint. At the upper extremity behind is a large process, the olecranon, and a smaller one, the coronoid process, in front, separated by the sigmoid or semi-lunar fossa, or olecranoid cavity, which receives the articular trochlea of the humerus. The ulna diminishes in size from above downward, and is very small at the lower extremity, which is separated from the wrist by an interarticular fibrocartilage.
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Ulrich
CHARLES FREDERICK, an American artist; born in New York City, Oct. 18, 1858; learned his profession at Cooper Institute and the National Academy. He then studied in Munich, where he was awarded a medal in 1879. For several years he painted in New York City, but in 1884 removed to Italy; was made an associate of the National Academy in 1883. His most noted works include "In the Land of Promise," "The Glass Blowers," "The Wood Engraver," "The Carpenter," "The Waifs," "A Dutch Typesetter," and "Washing of Feet in Venice." He died in 1908.
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Ulrich (EDWARD OSCAR an American pal)
EDWARD OSCAR, an American palæontologist; born in Cincinnati, O., Feb. 1, 1857; received a collegiate education; studied medicine; was curator of geology in the Cincinnati Society of Natural History in 1877-1881; palæontologist on the geological surveys of Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio, in 1885- 1896; and became geologist and palæontologist on the United States Geological Survey. His publications include many works on American palæontology.
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Ulrici
HERMANN, German a philosopher; born in Pförte, Saxony, March 23, 1806. He published in 1833 his "Characteristics of Ancient Historiography." This was followed by his "History of Poetic Art in Greece" (2 vols. 1835), and a "Treatise on Shakespeare's Dramatic Art" (1839), which was received with great favor. His philosophical works include "On the Principle and Method of Hegel's Philosophy" (1841), and "God and Nature" (1862). He died in Halle, Prussia, Jan. 11, 1884.
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Ultima Thule
a name given in ancient times by the inhabitants of southern Europe to the remote regions of the unknown North. The Greek nav navigator Pytheas (who p probably lived in the latter part of the 4th century B. C.) made a voyage along the coast of Britain and wrote an account of what he learned about the Shetland and Orkney islands and possibly the N. mainland calling the region Thule. The name became vague in its application, especially under the form Ultima Thule. Norway, Iceland, etc., bore the title in turn; and many strange superstitions were current regarding the region.
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Ultra Violet
a term applied to the rays beyond the violet, or high, high, end of the spectrum. The vibrations of these rays are too rapid for vision, but they possess greater chemical activity than any others.
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Ultramontanism
in Church his tory, a name improperly given by some theologians, N. of the Alps, before the Vatican Council in 1870, to the generally received opinion of the Church in all ages, that the Papal utterances ex cathedrâ on matters of faith or morals are irreformable. The word was used in contradistinction to Gallicanism, which attributed infallibility and supreme authority in matters of faith, morals, and discipline to the entire Church, personi fied in a General Council. Since the definition of the Vatican Council in 1870 concerning the infallibility of the Pope, Gallicanism has become a heresy.
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Ulugh Beg
the grandson of Timûr, or Tamerlane; governed western Turkestan as regent for his father Shah Rokh, while the latter was employed in regulating the affairs of the S. half of the empire, and succeeded in 1447 to the imperial throne on his father's death. He was a successful warrior, as every ruler of this period had to be, but happened, unfortunately, to conceive suspicions of the loyalty of his eldest son, suspicions founded only on astrological indications. The offended and injured prince rebelled, defeated and captured his father, and soon after caused him to be put to death, thus fulfilling the prediction, 1449. Ulugh Beg is known to posterity as the founder of the observatory at Samarcand, as the liberal patron of astronomers, and as himself a most diligent observer. The astronomical tables which bear his name, in all probability compiled by himself and his fellow laborers, enjoy a high reputation for accuracy. The astronomical works of Ulugh Beg were written in Arabic, afterward translated into Persian, and thence into Latin by Greaves, followed who with a Latin version of the geographical part in 1652.
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