Union Theological Seminary
of New York City, was founded in 1836. It was of Presbyterian origin, but is now independent of ecclesiastical control. In 1919 there were 275 students and 33 professors. The Seminary is organically connected with Columbia University, its students being permitted to take courses in the University, and the University students being admitted to certain courses in the Seminary. In 1910 the Seminary moved into new, extensive and attractive buildings at Broadway and 120th Street.
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Uniontown
a borough in Pennsylvania and county-seat of Fayette co., on the Baltimore and Ohio and Pennsylvania railroads, 40 miles S. E. of Pittsburgh. It lies in the agricultural and iron-mining region, and has natural gas, electric lights and railway, waterworks, National and State banks, daily and weekly newspapers, public schools, churches and numerous steel and structural iron works. Pop. (1910) 13,344; (1920) 15,692.
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Univercœlum, The
An American periodical having for its aim "the establishment of a universal System of Truth, the Reform and Reorganisation of Society." It made its first appearance in December, 1847, under the editorship of Andrew Jackson Davis (q.v.), and lived for about a year and a half. Its supporters and contributors looked for a new revelation to supplement those of the Old and New Testaments, Swedenborg and Fourier. Attention was given in its pages to prophecy, clairvoyance, somnambulism and trance phenomena generally, while it also taught "an interior and spiritual philosophy" whose central idea was that God was the infinitely intelligent Essence which pervaded all things-the Universal Soul, expressing itself in the material universe and the laws of nature as the human soul expresses itself through the material body. Though the Rochester Rappings broke out some time before the Univercælum came to an end, the adherents of the paper did not seem to connect the disturbances with their propaganda. However, many of those who were associated with the Univercælum afterwards became editors of spiritualistic papers. In July, 1849 the paper passed out of the hands of A. J. Davis, and became The Present Age, under the editorship of W. M. Channing.
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Universal Balm
An elixir composed by the alchemists, which formed a sovereign remedy for every malady, and would even bring the dead to life.
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Universal Language
the ideal of the ultra-internationalists, who desire a medium of vocal intercourse between the peoples of all nations and countries. In diplomatic circles French has largely held this position for the past hundred years, while in European commercial cir- Eu cles German has been the most common means of intercourse, while English holds first place in the Far East. Certain
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Universal Rolling-mill
A compound rolling-mill consists of a pair of vertical rolls working in combination with another pair of horizontal ones, which act to compress the pile edgeways and flatways at once.
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Universe
in astronomy, that part of space that contains the heavenly bodies. No dimensions can be assigned, for we do not know the distance of the remotest star now visible, nor do we know what stars may exist in space beyond our field of vision. So far as astronomers have been able to study the sidereal or starry universe, they are of the opinion that nearly all the stars are within a space having the shape of a thin disk or the form of a watch. Our sun appears to be near the center of this astronomical universe. The large stars are distributed rather uniformly, but the smaller stars are clustered or arranged in streams. It is held that the entire stellar universe is revolving about a center of gravity situated in or near the largest star in Pleiades.
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Unlocking Resistance
The resistance opposed to unlocking by the adhesion between the locking faces of the pallets and the tips or the escape wheel teeth, and in the case of lever pallets by the draw of the locking faces.
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Untermeyer
LOUIS, an American author, born in New York, in 1885. He was educated at De Witt Clinton High School, New York, and at the age of 17 entered his father's business of jewelry manufacturing. Although being actively and successively engaged in this business, he became one of the most prominent humor poets in the United States. He was a contributing editor to the perator," an occasional lecturer at Yale, Princeton, and other colleges, and a member of the Socialist party. Besides contributing many criticisms and reviews to the "New Republic" "Yale Review," New York "Evening Post," etc., he translated a compilation of "Poems of Heinrich Heine" (1917); "Modern American Verse" (1919); and wrote "The Younger Quire" (1910); "First Love" (1911); "Challenge" (1914); and "Other Poets" (1916); "Three Times" (1917); "Including Horace" (1919); etc.
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Upanishads
in Hindu sacred literature, the name given to the Vedic speculative treatises which were full of attempts to solve problems connected with the universe and the nature and destiny of man. They are 108 or more in number, each Veda having a certain number of upanishads connected with it. They constitute part of the Brahmanas or commentaries belonging to the Veda, presenting the Vedic doctrine in a comprehensive form, and being of a more dogmatic character than the rest of the Brahmanas. They vary in date like the Brahmanas, which extend, according to Max Müller, from 800 to 600 b. c. All Indian philosophers and various sects profess to derive their belief from the upanishads.
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Upas
the Malay word for poison. The name is given by the natives to a number of vegetable poisons and to a tree beneath whose deadly shade man, bird, and beast were supposed to die. The deadly upas tree is a native of Sunda and the Philippines. It is a tall tree with a bare trunk and spreading top, related to the breadfruit. It has a white spongy bark an inch in thickness, which exudes a milky juice. From this, with a mixture of black pepper, ginger, and other roots, the Malays prepare a poison for their arrows that proves fatal both to man and to the larger animals. The victim is seized with severe nausea and dies in convulsions like those of lockjaw. The odor of the tree causes irruptions of the skin, as does the smoke from its burning wood, but its mere presence is not at all dangerous. Birds nest in its branches and animals seek its shade without inconvenience, but it is dreaded by the natives, who avoid its neighborhood. The exaggerated tales which are told of the upas tree are believed to owe their origin to a narrow valley in Java in which neither animal or vegetable life can subsist owing to the prevalence of carbonic acid gas. From all accounts this vale is something like the Death Gulch of our National Yellowstone Park. See Poison
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