Veuillot
LOUIS French journalist; born in Boynes, (vuh-yō'), (Loiret), Oct. 11, a 1813. His works include: " Pilgrimages in Switzerland" (1839); " Rome and Loretto" (1841); "The Virtuous Woman" ( 1844); "The French in Algeria" (1845); "Free- Thinkers" ( 1848); "Vindex the Slave" (1849); "The Day after the Victory" (1850); " The Droit du Seigneur in the Middle Ages " (1854); "The Perfume of Rome" ( 1861); "The Odors of Paris" (1866); " Paris during the Two Sieges" (1871); " Molière and Bourdaloue" (1877); "Poetic Works" (1878); etc. He died in Paris, April 7, 1883.
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Vevay
or VEVEY, a Swiss town in the canton of Vaud; a favorite health resort; remarkable for the beauty of its situation on the N. shore of Lake of Geneva; 11 miles E. of Lausanne. It stands at the mouth of the gorge of the Veveyse. From the elevations about the town the fine view to the E. commands the valley of the Rhone, backed by the magnificent ramparts of the Alps of Valais. In the Church of St. Martin (date 1498) Ludlow, one of Charles I.'s judges, and Broughton, who read to him his sentence of death, are buried. There is some trade in milk, cheese, and wine; and Vevay cigars are largely made and exported. Pop. about 16,000.
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Viaduct
a term applied to extended constructions of arches or other artificial works to support a roadway, and thus distinguished from aqueducts, which are way, similar constructions to support waterways. This term became familiar during the 19th century, in consequence of the great number of vast structures so designated which were erected in various parts of the civilized world for the purpose of carrying railways or roadways over valleys and districts of low levels, or above surface roads, and the general name of viaduct is now recognized as applicable to all elevated roadways for which artificial constructions of timber, iron, bricks, or stonework are established; and accordingly among the principal railway works are to be enumerated viaducts of all these materials.
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Viardot-Garcia
MICHELLE PAULINE, a French operatic singer; born in Paris , July 18, 1821; daughter of Manuel Garcia and younger Madame Malibran. She was a pupil of sister of Liszt. She appeared as Desdomona in London in 1839, and proving herself a worthy successor to her great sister, soon obtained a European reputation. 1840 she married Louis Viardot, director In of the Italian Opera in Paris. Perhaps her greatest successes were in Meyerbeer's operas, "The Huguenots" and "The Prophet," as Valentine in the former and as Fides in the latter. Her splendid voice had a compass of three she shone in the concert room, particuoctaves, and larly in the rendering of Spanish songs, as conspiciously as on the stage. died in 1910.
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Viareggio
an Italian town on a beautiful site on the Mediterranean coast; 15 miles N. W. of Pisa. Malarious swamps have been drained, and great pine woods shelter a health resort. Here Shelly's body was cast ashore. Pop. about 12,500.
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Viaticum
among the mans, an allowance made to soldiers, and ancient Roto all persons traveling on business of state. the Roman Catholic Church the viaticum is the Eucharist administered to dying persons. The priest is ordered to bring the sacred elements from the church to the dying person at any hour , whether by day or by night, when he may be called on for this last service of religion.
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Viaud
LOUIS MARIE JULIEN. See LOTI, PIERRE.
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Viborg
one of the oldest Denmark, and capital of a district of cities in Jutland; stands on a small lake, 28 miles of W. Randers. Its 12th-century cathedral was rebuilt in 1726. Pop. about 10,000.
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Viborg
or VÜPURI, Finland, on the Gulf of Finland, and at a city of the mouth of the Saima canal, about 75 miles northwest of Petrograd 13th century castle, a museum, and a . It has a school of navigation . The city city portant sawmills, and does a large trade has im in lumber and dairy products, paper, and iron products. Pop. about 30,000.
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Vicar of Wakefield, The
The, a novel by Oliver Goldsmith published in 1776. Its chief character is Dr. Primrose, the vicar, and the story is the simple tale of his family and home life. By 1886 the book had gone through ninety-six editions. See Goldsmith
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Vicar-Apostolic
in the Roman Church, a name formerly given to a bishop or archbishop, generally of some remote see, to whom the Pope delegated a portion of his authority, or to any ecclesiastic invested with power to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in some place where the ordinary was for some reason incapable of discharging his duties efficiently. Now vicars-apostolic, who are nearly alway lways titu titular bishops, are appointed where no episcopate has been established, or where the succession has been interrupted. There are at present a large number of such vicariates in existence.
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Vicar-General
in the Roman Church, a clerk, usually (but not necessarily) in holy orders, and having a degree in canon law, appointed by a bishop to assist in the discharge of episcopal functions. In matters of jurisdiction the vicar-general is regarded as the ordinary, and there is no appeal from the former to the latter; but the vicargeneral may not do any of those things which belong to the episcopal order. A bishop is not obliged to appoint a vicargeneral, but may appoint two or more if necessary. The office corresponds closely to that of an archdeacon in the early and mediæval Church. In the Anglican Church, an officer employed by the Archbishop of Canterbury and some other bishops to assist in such matters as ecclesiastical causes and visitations. VICE-ADMIRAL. See ADMIRAL.
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Vice-Chancellor
an officer next in rank to a chancellor; the deputy of a chancellor. In English law, a judge in the Chancery division of the High Court of Justice in England, holding a separate court. The office was abolished by the Judicature Act. The first Vice-Chancellor was appointed in 1813; the last holder of the office was Sir John Bacon, who retired Nov. 11, 1886. In Ireland there is a Vice-Chancellor, and the judge of the local Court of Chancery of the Duchy of Lancaster is also styled a Vice-Chancellor. In some of the United States there exists a judicial office analogous to the British institution described above. Where a State has a court of chancery, the highest incumbent is termed chancellor and the next vicechancellor.
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