These 11 listings are so strange that each appears in only one of the 7 encyclopedias we compared. They include such classics as Vocal Chord, Vochyacee, Vodka.
in anatomy, one of the inferior thyro-arytenoid ligaments or elastic membranes, the edges ges of which form the side of the glottis. The vocal chords are attached in front to the thyroid cartilage, and end behind in a process of the arytenoid cartilages. They nearly close the aperture of the windpipe. In addition to them there are upper or false vocal chords, which are not immediately concerned in the production of the voice.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
or VOCHYSIACEÆ, in botany, vochyads; an order of hypogynous exogens, alliance Sapindales; trees or shrubs with opposite branches, four-angled when young. Leaves normally opposite, the upper ones sometimes alternate, with glands or two stipules at their base; flowers generally in terminal panicles or large gaily-colored racemes; sepals four to five, unequal in size, the upper one the largest and having a spur; petals one, two, three, or five, s five, unequal; stamens one to five generally opposite to the petals, most of them sterile, but one having a fourcelled fertile anther; style one; stigma one; ovary three-celled, each with one, two, or many ovules; capsule threeangled, three-celled, three-valved, or occasionally one-celled, one-seeded; seed usually winged. Natives of tropical America.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
an intoxicating spirit distilled from rye, and formerly much used in Russia.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a town of Italy; province of Pavia; on the Staffora; 81 miles E. of Turin. It was fortified by Giovanni Galeazzo Visconti, and an old castle still exists built by him toward the end of the 14th century. The church of St. Lorenzo, founded in the 11th century, and remodeled in 1600, is the only building of importance, but the town is handsome and well laid out. There are considerable manufactures, chiefly of cloth and hats. Pop. about 15,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
GEORG JOSEPH, a German musical composer, usually styled the Abbé (Browning's Abt) Vogler; born in Würzburg, Germany, June 15, 1749, the son of a violin maker. He studied Bamberg, Mannheim, Bologna, and Pawas ordained priest at Rome in 1773; and made Knight of the Golden Spur, and prothontary and chamberlain to the Pope. Returning to Mannheim, he established there his first school of music; his second was that at Stockholm, where in 1786 he had been appointed kapellmeister . After years of wandering and brilliant successes as a player on his "orchestrion" at London and half over Europe, he settled as honored kapellmeister at Darmstadt, and opened his third school, the chief pupils of which were Gänsbacher, Weber, and Meyerbeer. He died in Darmstadt, Germany, May 6, 1814.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
CHARLES JEAN MEL- CHIOR, MARQUIS DE (vō-gü-ā'), a French archæologist; born in Paris, Oct. 18, 1829. His studies are mainly in the departments of the history of religion and Oriental art. He is author of: "The Churches of the Holy Land" (1859); "The Temple of Jerusalem" (1864); "Civil and Religious Architecture in Central Syria, from the First to the Sixth Century" (2 vols. 1865-1877); in "Semitic Inscriptions" (1869-1877). In 1901 he became a member of the French Academy. He died in 1914.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
JOHANNES, a German historian, born in Bettenhausen, in Saxe- Meiningen, Germany, Aug. 27, 1786. He is author of "Hildebrand as Pope Gregory VII. and His Times" (1815), in which he regards the reign of Gregory VII. as one of the most noteworthy phenomena of the Middle Ages, and Gregory himself as a great reformer; "History of the Lombard League and its Struggle with the Emperor Frederick I." (1818); "History of Prussia from the Earliest Times to the Downfall of the Domination of the Teutonic Order" (9 vols. 1827-1839); 7-1839); "The Westphalian Vehmgerichte or (Mediæval Tribunals) as Related to Prussia" (1836); "Margrave Albrecht Alcibiades of Brandenburg-Kulmbach" (1852); "History of the Teutonic Order in Its Twelve Circles in Germany" (2 vols. 1857-1859). He died in Königsberg, Germany, in 1863. VOLAPÜK
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
in law, a preliminary examination of a witness to ascertain whether he is competent. When a witness is supposed to have an interest in the cause, the party against whom he is called has the choice to prove such interest by calling another witness to that fact, or he may require the witness produced to be sworn on his voir dire, as to whether he has an interest in the case or not, but the party against whom he is called will not be allowed to have recourse to both methods to prove the witness' interest. If the witness answers he has no interest, he is competent, his oath being conclusive; if he swears he has an interest, he will be rejected.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
KARL VON (foit), a German physiologist; born in Amberg, Bavaria, Oct. 31, 1831. He was appointed Professor of Physiology in the University of Munich in 1863. His first memorable scientific researches (1854) demonstrated the presence of urea in the muscular tissues of cholera patients; afterward he studied almost exclusively the questions of digestion and assimilation. His principal works are: "Physiologico- Chemical Researches" (Part i. 1857); "Effects of Common Salt, Coffee, and Muscular Action, on Digestion" (1860); "Laws of Nutrition in Carnivora" (1860), etc. He died Jan. 31, 1908.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ROSINA, an English actress; born in London in 1858. Her first appearance was in pantomime, when a mere child, with her brother FREDERICK and her sisters VICTORIA and JESSIE. They made an instant success in London as "the Vokes family." They afterward came to the United States, where they became great favorites with the public. Rosina for a time refrained from the stage. In 1886 she organized a company for farces and comedies which annually toured in England and the United States till her death in 1914.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a proposed world language. In 1878 Johann Martin Schleyer of Constance, Germany, published suggestions for an artificial language by which he proposed to displace the languages now in use. The term Volapuk means words, speech. Schleyer was a devoted student of philology. It is said that he could read and write fifty different languages. In 1880 he published a grammar and dictionary in Volapuk. He proposed some 1,300 root words and, in all, a vocabulary of about 14,000 words. Volapuk congresses have been held and associations have been formed, especially in France, Switzerland, and Germany. Over 2,000 volumes have been published in Volapuk. Several periodicals are published in the language, but of late interest seems to have declined.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia