Weingartner
FELIX, an Austrian composer; born in Zara, Dalmatia, June 2, 1863. At Graz he studied under Dr. W. Mayer, and at Leipsic, in 1881, obtained a scholarship from the Austrian Government. At Franz Liszt's inbrought out at Weimar on March 23, stigation his opera, "Sakuntala," was 1884. From 1884 to 1889 he was conductor at Königsberg, Danzig, and Hamburg, and in 1891 was appointed court conductor at Berlin. In 1906 he made his ing the season 1912-1914 he conducted first visit to the United States, and durthe Wagnerian performances for the and many songs. Boston Opera Company. He composed several symphonic poems and operas, a town of France; in the province of Al- WEISSENBURG sace; at the foot of the Vosges Moun- (vi'sen-börg), Vol. X tains; on the Lauter; 34 miles N. N. E. of Strassburg. In the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 a battle took place here on Aug. 4, 1870, the first important engagement between the two armies, in which the French were defeated. Pop. about 7,000.
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Welbeck Abbey
the seat of the Duke of Portland, in Nottinghamshire, England; 3 miles S. of Worksop. Occupying the site of an old Premonstratensian abbey, it came from "Bess of Hardwick" to her son Sir Charles Cavendish, the father of the 1st Duke of Newcastle, whose far-away heiress married in 1734 the 2d Duke of Portland. It stands in a park 10 miles in circumference, and is a stately Palladian edifice of mainly the 17th and 18th centuries, but was greatly enlarged about 1864 by the 5th duke, to whom it owes its semi-underground picture gallery, ballroom, and riding school, the last 385 feet long, 104 feet wide, and 51 feet high.
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Welles
GIDEON, an statesman; born in Glastonbury, Conn., July 1, 1802; studied law; and in 1826 became proprietor of the Hartford "Times." In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln Secretary of the Navy, and filled that office with marked success and credit during the whole of the Civil War. After his retirement he published his "Memoirs of the War" He died in Hartford, Conn., Feb. 11, 1878.
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Wellesley College
an American educational institution established in 1875 in the village of Wellesley, Mass., 15 miles S. W. of Boston. The institution is devoted entirely to the higher education of women. The institution is non-sectarian, and was founded by Henry F. Durant, of Boston. The reports for 1919 show: Professors and instructors, 192; students, 1,592; president Ellen F. Pendleton, LL. D.
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Wellesley Islands
a group in the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia, belonging to Queensland. Mornington Island, the most N. and largest, is 40 miles in length by 15 in breadth.
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Wellingborough
a market-town of Northamptonshire, England, on a declivity near the confluence of the Ise with the Nen, 10½ miles E. N. E. of Northampton. Almost destroyed by fire in 1738, it has a chalybeate spring (the "Red Well"), said to have been resorted to by Charles I. and Henrietta Maria; a large and imposing parish church (restored 1861-1874), mainly Decorated and Perpendicular in style; a corn exchange (1861); grammar school (1595), a transferred to new buildings in 1880. It has important industries of boot making, iron smelting, etc. Pop. about 20,000.
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Wellsville
a city of Ohio, in Columbiana co. It is on the Pennsylvania railroad, and on the Ohio river. It is an important industrial center and has manufactures of steel, terra-cotta, boilers, nails, machinery, etc. Pop. (1910) 7,769; (1920) 8,849.
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Welsbach Light
an invention of Carl Auer von Welsbach, an Austrian, in 1884. In Europe it is known as the Auer light. It is based upon the discovery that certain materials become incandescent at a low temperature. The process followed is to saturate a combustible filament in the form of a network with a solution of salt of a refractory earth, such as zirconium. It is then dried out and burned, the combustible element disappearing and leaving a frame of refractory material, which becomes incandescent at a low temperature. The filament is called a mantle and is exceedingly fragile.
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Wenceslaus
or WENZEL, an Emperor of Germany and King of Bohemia; born in 1361; was the son of Charles IV., whom he succeeded in 1378. He was a dissolute and cruel prince. He favored the Hussites, but was unable to save the life of Huss. He died in 1419.
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Wener
the largest lake of Sweden, and after those of Ladoga and Onega the largest in Europe; situated in the S. W. of the kingdom. It is 147 feet above sea-level, and of very irregular shape. Its greatest length, N. E. to S. W., is about 100 miles; and its breadth may average about 30 miles; area, 2,306 square miles. Its chief feeder is the Klar. By a canal it communicates with Lake Wetter, but its only proper outlet is at its S. W. extremity, where its superfluous waters are received by the river Gotha. In winter it is frozen for several months, and crossed by sledges. It abounds with fish.
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Wernigerode
a town of Prussia, province of Sachsen; on the slopes of the Harz Mountains, at the confluence of the Zilligerbach and the Holtzemme; 40 miles S. W. of Magdeburg. It has a beautiful "schloss" containing a library of 100,000 volumes, specially rich in collection of Bibles and mnologies, a gymnasium, three churches, a rathhaus dating from the 14th century, and built, as are also many of the private houses, in a picturesque Gothic style, a thiergarten or park, an orphanage, etc. Wernigerode has manufactures of linen, cloth, tobacco, and bricks. Pop. about 20,000.
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Werrenrath
REINALD, an American singer, born in Brooklyn, in 1883. He graduated from New York University in 1905. After studying music under several instructors he appeared as a concert singer with marked success in recitals and oratories in the United States. In 1919 he made his first appearance on the operatic stage at the Metropolitan Opera House, New York.
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Weser
a river of Germany; formed by the junction of the Fulda and Werra at Münden; flows generally in a N. W. direction, and, after a very circuitous course, traverses the city of Bremen, and then falls by a wide mouth, much encumbered with sandbanks, into the German Ocean. Its length, including the Werra, is about 430 miles. The navigation for vessels of large size ceases about 10 miles below Bremen. See BREMEN.
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