Each of these 8 subjects appears in only one of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. None is long enough to carry a page by itself, so they are gathered here by letter. Anything that grows moves out to a page of its own.
The, a series of humorous papers published by Mrs. Frances M. Whitcher under the name of Widow Bedott or Priscilla P. Bedott in 1847 and in book form in 1855. They first appeared in a Philadelphia paper, Neal's Saturday Gazette. They were very popular. Widow Bedott's sayings are still quoted.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
CHRISTOPH MARTIN, a German poet; born in Oberholzheim, Germany, Sept. 5, 1733; was educated at the University of Tübingen; appointed Professor of Philosophy in 1769 at Erfurt; and three years afterward went to Weimar as teacher to the sons of Duchess Anna Amalie. Here, or in the immediate neighborhood, he resided till his death, being a member of the circle to which Goethe, Schiller, and Herder belonged. The early period of his literary life was devoted to pietistic or at least serious poetry such as "The Nature of Things" (1752); "Twelve Moral Letters in Verse Anti-Ovid" (1752); ); "The Trial of Abraham's Faith" (1753); in the second period he produced the romances "Agathon" (1766); and "Don Sylvio de Rosalva" (1764); the poem "Musarion" (1768); and a prose translation of Shakespeare (8 vols. 1762-1766); while in the third and ripest period were written the romantic epic of "Oberon" ; "History of the Abderites" (1784); "The Republic of Fools" (1786); "The Secret History of Peregrinus Proteus" (1791); etc. He also published translations of Horace, Lucian, and the "Letters of Cicero." He died in Weimar, Germany, Jan. 20, 1813.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a town in Poland; 9 miles S. E. of C Cracow; famous for its wonderful salt mines, which have been continuously worked since 1250. They consist of seven different levels, or stories, one above the other, connected by intricate passages and flights of steps, and in some places by lofty bridges, measure from E. to W. 12,468 feet, from N. to S. 3,117 feet, and reach their greatest depth at 918 feet. The annual production of salt up to 1872 was 37,000 tons, but since that date it has gone up to 80,000 tons. Several of the disused galleries have been adorned with statues hewn in the rock salt, and two chapels have been excavated, in the larger of which the Mass is celebrated annually on July 3. The chapels were injured by injured by the inundation of 1868. Pop. about 8,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
ANTON JOSEPH, a Belgian painter; born in Dinant, Belgium, Feb. 22, 1806; studied at Antwerp and Rome. In 1836 he settled in Liège, and in 1848 at artis- Brussels. His original tic ideal was to combine the excellencies of Michael Angelo and Rubens; and his efforts in this direction are visible in his pictures of "The Fight of Greeks and Trojans Round the Dead Body of Patroclus," "The Disobedient Angels," "The Death of St. Denis," "Eve and Satan," "The Flight Into Egypt," and "The Triumph of Christ" some of them very large canvases. As he could not persuade himself to sell such pictures, he maintained himself now and later by painting portraits. About 1848- 1850 he developed a new technical method which he called "Peinture Mate"; and now he began to paint totally different subjects-speculative and mystical pieces, dreams and visions, and the horrible outcome of a morbid imagination-premature burial, suicide, madness, execution, sensations after death. There were genre pictures also which were only eccentric - "Quasimodo," "The Young Witch;" and even pleasing and kindly pictures-"The Maid at Her Toilet," "The Confession"; and he also left some sculptures. In 1850 the state had built for him a large studio in Brussels, and at his death this became, by an arrangement between the state and his heirs, the Musée Wiertz, one of the sights of the city. He died in Brussels, June 18, 1865.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
a municipal and parliamentary borough, Lancashire, England, on the Douglas, 21 miles N. E. of Liverpool. Wigan stands in the center of an extensive coal field, and its manufactures, which are important, consist chiefly of calicoes, fustians, and other cotton goods, linens, checks, cotton twist, etc., besides iron foundries, iron forges, railway car works, iron rolling mills, large breweries, chemical works, and corn and paper mills. Pop. about 90,000.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia
The wigwag is used for polishing the shoulders of pinions, pinion leaves, staffs and pivots, and for numerous other operations. The formation of these tools differ according to the ideas of the various makers, but in principle they are alike. These tools are used extensively in all the American watch factories.
Only in American Watchmaker and Jeweler
an Indian name for tent. The typical Indian wigwam consists of a frame and a covering. The frame is composed of poles, the butts of which are set in the circumference of a circle, while the small ends are brought together at the top like a cone. Ordinarily the covering was made of the skins of deer or buffalo laced together to form a semicircle not unlike a lady's cape in shape. When placed in position this covering surrounded the poles entirely. One was left loose ordinarily for a flap which might be tied down when the family were all within. The fire was built usually in the middle of the tent. A space at the top was left open for the escape of smoke. This space was sheltered by a short curtain erected on the windy side of the vent. The smoke curtain prevented the wind from blowing down the vent and aided in giving proper draught. The squaw built the family bed of skins on the ground or at best on the tips of brush. At best the wigwam was a draughty, uncomfortable dwelling, its only merit being the ease with which cover and tent could be packed up and transported from one camping place to another.
Only in Aiton's Encyclopedia
WILLIAM, an English philanthropist; born in Hull, England, Aug. 24, 1759. After completing his education at St. John's College, Cambridge, he was, in 1780, elected to Parliament for his native town; and in 1784 he was returned by the county of York. In 1786 he made the acquaintance of Clarkson, who gained his sympathies on behalf of the agitation against the slave trade. In 1791 he moved for leave to bring in a bill to prevent further importation of African negroes into Cre the British colonies. Year after year he pressed this measure, but was always defeated till 1807, when it was passed during the short administration of Fox. He then devoted his energies to bring about the total abolition of slavery, and three days before his death he was informed that the House of Commons had passed a bill which extinguished slavery in the British colonies. He died in Cadogan Place, London, July 29, 1833.
Only in Collier's New Encyclopedia