Yankee Doodle
a popular air now considered one of the national tunes of the United States . It is said to have been borrowed by the Americans from England: that during the time of Cromwell the Oxford students sang derisively: Nankee Doodle came to town Upon a Kentish pony: He stuck a feather in his hat And called him Macaroni. When the British troops were evacuating Boston, so one account runs, they sang this song in mockery, substituting "Yankee" for "Nankee." The Americans took up the air and have sung Yankee Doodle ever since.
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Yankton
a city and county-seat of Yankton co., S. D.; on the Missouri river, and on the Great Northern, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul, and the Chicago and Northwestern railroads; 61 miles N. W. of Sioux City, Ia. Here are Yankton College (Cong.), a high school, the State Hospital for the Insane, waterworks, electric lights, National, State, and savings banks, and daily, weekly, and monthly periodicals. It has an extensive general trade, and is the supply depot for the Indian agencies and military stations along the Upper Missouri. There are planing mills, large Portland cement works, flour woolen mill, pork packing mius, foundry, mills, foundry, establishments, etc. Pop. Pop. (1910) 3,787; 3,78 (1920) 5,024.
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Yankton College
a coeducational institution in Yankton, S. D.; founded in 1881 under the auspices of the Congregational Church; reported at the close of 1919: Professors and instructors, 25; students, 433; president, Rev. Henry K. Warren, LL. D.
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Yantic
a river in eastern Connecticut. It unites with the Shetucket and Quinnebaug rivers about 3 miles S. of Norwich to form the Thames river. It has a swift current and affords excellent water power, which is extensively used by the mills and factories along its banks.
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Yap
an island belonging to the Caroline group in the North Pacific Ocean, situated about 500 miles S. W. of Guam and belonging formerly to Germany. There is on Yap a cable station of the Commercial Pacific Cable Company. A cable connects Shanghai and Yap, where it joins the main line running between Celebes and San Francisco. In February, 1899, Germany purchased from Spain for $3,300,000 the group of islands to which Yap belongs, with the exception of Guam, which was ceded to the United States in the treaty of peace that ended the Spanish-American War. Japan was given a mandate over the island in March, 1921, but the United States refused to relinquish any rights prior to the World War. held
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Yarkund
or YARKAND, the chief town of the province of the same name in eastern Turkestan; 140 miles S. E. of Kashgar. It It i is a great emporium of trade between China and the W., but it has been repeatedly devastated by the internecine wars which are chronic in central Asia. The bulk of the inhabitants are Mohammedans of the Turki race; and in 1866 it was captured from the Chinese by Yakub Beg, who in 1874, entered into a commercial treaty with the British in India, and caravans of traders annually pass to and fro through the valley of Kashmir. The exports are chiefly shawl wool, raw silk, gold, and borax; the imports are piece goods, metal wares, tea, and indigo. In 1876 an English company sent its goods direct to Yarkund under European conduct, and Yarkund merchants annually annu go down to the Punjab. The soil of the province, which is watered by the Yarkund river, a tributary of the Tarim Kul, which flows E. into the lake called Lob Nor, is fertile; the crops are wheat, rice, barley, millets, fruits, and mulberry; and there are large herds of sheep, goats, cattle, and horses. Pop. about 70,000.
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Yarmouth
a town and port of entry of Yarmouth co., Nova Scotia; on the Bay of Fundy, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Dominion Atlantic railroad; 90 miles S. of St. John, N. B. The town has extensive fishing, shipping, and manufacturing interests, Yarmouth Seminary, schools, daily and weekly newspapers, electric lights, and street railways. Pop. about 7,000.
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Yarn
any textile fiber prepared for weaving into cloth. Cotton yarn is numbered according to the number of hanks contained in a pound of 7,000 grains. Each hank, or skein, measures 840 yards. Worsted yarn has 560 yards to the skein; woolen yarn has 1,600 yards to the skein or run. Linen yarn is wound upon reels, and made up into leas, hanks, and bundles. Flax and jute yarn is numbered according to the number of leas of 300 yards per pound.
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Yaroslav (City and capital)
a city and capital of the province of Yaroslav, Russia; confluence of the Kotorost and Volga Vo rivers; 173 miles N. E. of Moscow. It is the seat of the provincial government and of an archbishop. The city is largely engaged in manufacturing and commerce, the right bank of the Volga being There lined for 2 miles with quays. were, before the World War, numerous cotton and linen mills, silk factories, and bell foundries. The village of Velikoje Selo, included in the city, was the center of the linen manufacture of Russia, and had an annual output valued at $3,000,000. The city is the seat of Uspenskij Cathedral, begun in 1215, and has numerous other very old churches, several monasteries, schools, gymnasia, a theological seminary, and a lyceum with a law faculty. The left bank of the Volga is the suburban and residential portion of the city and contains many beautiful dwellings. Pop. about 75,000.
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Yaroslav (JAROSLAV a province)
or JAROSLAV, a province of European Russia; bounded by the provinces of Novgorod, Vologda, Kostroma, Vladimil and Tver. The surface is level and well watered by the Volga and its tributaries, the Mologa and Sheksma. The W. portion of the province has numerous ponds and marshes, the largest being Lake Nero, near Rostov, from which the Weska flows. The Volga is connected with the Neva by two canals through which considerable commerce was carried on before the World War. Market gardening, timber cutting, mining, and manufacturing were the chief occupations. There There were extensive linen and cotton mills, and factories for the manufacture of chemicals, machinery, metal ware, flour, tobacco and spirits, making Yaroslav one of the principal manufacturing provinces of Russia. Considerable commerce was carried on by the two railway lines, the Rybinsk-St. Petersburg and the Yaroslav-Moscow-Vologda. Area, 13,751 square miles; pop. about 1,200,000.
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