Southampton
Southampton names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Southampton a borough and seaport town of England
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a borough and seaport town of England, in the county of Hants, on a peninsula at the mouth of the Itchen, near the head of Southampton Water, 18 miles N. W. of Portsmouth, and 79 miles S. W. of London. It is built on rising ground, and consists of an old and a new town, the former at one time surrounded by walls flanked with towers, of which portions still remain; and entered by several gates, of which three, still standing, bear the names of West Gate, South Gate, and Bar Gate. The last, a remarkable structure, and large enough to contain the Gildhall in the upper part of it, is now, in consequence of the growth of the town, nearly in its center, and being placed across the principal street, divides it into two parts, the part to the N. being named Above-bar, and to the S. Below-bar or High street. The streets in the older quarters are very irregular, while those in the more modern portion present many fine ranges of buildings. St. Michael's, the oldest of the churches, situated in the W. part of the town, is a spacious Norman structure with many interesting features. Other buildings of interest are the Southampton College, the Hartley Institution, public library, custom house, audit house, the theater, philharmonic rooms, assembly rooms, ordnance map office, baths, etc. About 6 miles from Southampton, and 3 miles from Netley Abbey, is the Victoria Hos pital for sick soldiers. The first tidal dock was opened for business in 1842. There is ample dock accommodation, and Southampton is one of the most important ports in the kingdom. The manufactures are chiefly confined to brewing, coach building, iron casting, sugar refining, and shipbuilding. Southampton", claims to be a borough by prescription, but its earliest known charter was granted by Henry II. Pop. (1919), 131,289.
Southampton THOMAS WRIO- THESLEY, 1ST EARL OF
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
THOMAS WRIO- THESLEY, 1ST EARL OF; born about 1490, and educated at Cambridge, became lord-chancellor of Henry VIII. in 1544. He was one of the executors of the will of Henry, and was created Earl of Southampton by Edward VI. Died in 1549, HENRY WRIOTHESLEY, 3d earl, grandson of the preceding; born in 1573; was a patron of Shakespeare, who dedicated to him the poems of "Venus and Adonis," and the "Rape of Lucrece." and was accused of complicity in the latter's treasonable designs. He was convicted and sentenced to death and attainder; but the death sentence was remitted by Elizabeth, and the attainder was removed by Parliament after the accession of James. He was a firm supporter of liberty, and in 1621 was committed to close custody by the king, but was released through the influence of Buckingham. He aided the Dutch in their struggle against Spain, and died in Bergen-op-Zoom in 1624. THOMAS WRIOTHESLEY, 4th earl, born in 1607, was at first a supporter of the Commons in resisting the encroachments of Charles I., but with Strafford went over to the royal side and was made a privy councillor. Being one of the leaders of the moderate party he lived unmolested in England dur luring the Commonwealth. Upon the restoration of Charles II. he was made lord high treasurer. He died in 1667.
Southampton an important port on the southern coast of England
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
an important port on the southern coast of England. It lies at the head of Southampton Bay. In amount of tonnage Southampton is the sixth port in the United Kingdom . It is the home port of several lines of steamships. It corresponds on the British coast to Havre on the French coast. The heavy freights between London and Paris are transported usually by this route. Southampton is also a port of call for the North German Lloyd line of steamships. Southampton is an ancient town. The Romans are supposed to have made a landing here. Richard the Lion-Hearted embarked here for the Third Crusade. More than one English Armada destined for descent on France set sail from Southampton. The Mayflower, the ship of the Pilgrim Fathers, set sail, it may be remembered, from Southampton in 1620.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's 1921 account of walls, gates and a first tidal dock of 1842 describes a town that the Second World War largely erased: heavy bombing in 1940-41 gutted much of the old centre, leaving the Bargate marooned amid traffic rather than straddling the main street as it did when Collier's wrote. The Hartley Institution it lists grew into University College and then, in 1952, the University of Southampton; Netley's Victoria Hospital for sick soldiers, still working in 1921, was demolished in 1966 apart from its chapel. Southampton became a city in 1964 and now holds roughly a quarter of a million people, against the 131,289 recorded for 1919. Brewing, coach building and sugar refining have gone; the docks handle containers and make Southampton Britain's leading cruise port, as they had already been the home berth of the Titanic, which sailed from here in April 1912.
Written for this edition, 2026.