Sparks
Sparks names 4 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Sparks EDWIN ERLE After having served as a member of
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
EDWIN ERLE After having served as a member of the National Executive Committee of the Socialist Party and as a delegate to most EDWIN ERLE SPARKS of the important conventions, he resigned from the Socialist Party in May, 1917, being opposed to the Socialist opposition to the entrance of the United States into the World War, as well as to the Socialist support of the Russian Communists. He was one of the founders of the National Party, of the American Alliance for Labor and Democracy, and of the Prospect House Social Settlement, Yonkers, N. Y. In 1919 he was appointed a member of the Industrial Conference. Besides numerous pamphlets and magazine articles on art, and on social and economic questions, he wrote: "Socialism" (1906); "Capitalist and Laborer" (1907); "The Spiritual Significance of Modern Socialism" (1908); "Karl Marx, His Life and Work" (1909); "Elements of Socialism" (with Professor Arner, 1911); "Applied Socialism" (1912); "Syndicalism, Industrial Unionism, and Socialism": (1913); "Americanism and Social Democracy" (1918); "Bolshevism" (1919); "The Psychology of Bolshevism" (1920), etc.
Sparks EDWIN ERLE stitution the degree of Ph.D
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
EDWIN ERLE stitution the degree of Ph.D. in 1900. He also holds honorary degrees from Lehigh University and Allegheny College. From 1884-1885 he was an assistant in history at Ohio State University, from 1885-1890 he taught school in Ohio, and from 1890-1895 he was principal of the preparatory department and teacher of history at Pennsylvania State College. From 1895-1907 he was connected with the University of Chicago successively as lecturer, instructor, assistant professor, associate professor, and professor of American History, curator of the historical museum, and dean of the University College. In 1908 he became president of Pennsylvania State College. He was a member of various historical and patriotic societies and committees. He wrote "Expansion of the American People" (1899); "Formative Incidents in American Diplomacy" (1902); "The United States of America" (2 vols., 1904); "Foundations of National Development" (1907); etc. He also contributed many essays and articles on historical and educational topics to periodicals and journals.
Sparks JARED, an American historian
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JARED, an American historian; born in Willington, Conn., May 10, 1789; was graduated at Harvard College in 1815; studied theology; and was ordained in the Unitarian Church in Baltimore in 1819. He took part in the doctrinal controversy with orthodox theologians; was chosen chaplain of the National House of Representatives in 1821; edited the "Unitarian Miscellany and Christian Monitor" in 1821-1823; conducted the "North American Review" in 1824-1831; and was the originator and first editor of the "American Almanac and Repository of Useful Knowledge." He was Professor of Ancient and Modern History at Harvard in 1839-1849; president of the college in 1849-1853; and the author of a large number of sermons, biographical and historical works, theological papers, etc., most notably "The Library of American Biography" and "Correspondence of the American Revolution." He died in Cambridge, Mass., March 14, 1866.
Sparks EDWIN ERLE, an American educator
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
EDWIN ERLE, an American educator, born in Licking co., Ohio, in 1860. He was educated at Ohio State University, Harvard, and the University of Chicago, receiving from the latter in-
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's compiled these in 1921 and was already behind: Edwin Erle Sparks had stepped down as president of Pennsylvania State College in 1920 and died in 1924, leaving behind an institution that has since grown into Penn State, with the campus Sparks Building named for him. The first block of text on this page, listing "Socialism" (1906) and "The Psychology of Bolshevism" (1920), does not belong to Sparks at all but to the socialist writer John Spargo, whose name sat next to his in the alphabetical sequence; Spargo drifted further right after 1921 and spent his last decades as a historian of Vermont, dying in 1966. Jared Sparks's reputation has moved the most: the "Correspondence of the American Revolution" and his Washington editions, praised here without qualification, are now avoided by scholars because he silently smoothed Washington's grammar and spelling, and they have been superseded by the modern documentary edition of Washington's papers begun at the University of Virginia in the 1960s.
Written for this edition, 2026.