Surgeons
Surgeons names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Surgeons COLLEGE OF side and four on the other
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
COLLEGE OF side and four on the other, the ninth justice alone can arbitrarily rule the decision of the court. He declared also that the present law has allowed the Supreme Court to overthrow many times laws to restrict child labor and other necessary legislation. The opponents of the plan pointed out that only fifty times in the history of the nation has the Supreme Court declared Acts of Congress unconstitutional and that in only nine of these cases was a decision made by a five to four vote. They urged that to establish a 7-2 rule would produce a condition worse than the present in that three objectors on the bench could do as much to uphold a bad and unconstitutional law as five justices can now do to overthrow a good one. Senator La Follette urged an even more radical plan. By this no subordinate judge would uld be allowed to set aside an Act of Congress, and the Supreme Court could set aside such a law only once. A measure of this kind would require a constitutional amendment.
Surgeons AMERICAN COLLEGE The thirteenth annual convention OF
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
AMERICAN COLLEGE The thirteenth annual convention OF. of the American College of Surgeons was held in Chicago, during the latter part of October, 1923. This is the leading organization of the surgical section of the medical profession in the United States, and its membership of some 2,800 is chosen only after the most rigid investigation. Some of the most important subjects discussed during the convention were "Thyroid -Therapy," by Dr. F. N. C. Starr of Toronto; " Ethylene," the new anæsthetic; "Surgical Progress," by Dr. Wm. Mayo; "Man as an Electrochemical Mechanism," by by Dr. Geo. W. Crile. Dr. Albert J. Ochsner, of the University of Illinois and Augustana Hospital, Chicago, was elected president, succeeding Dr. Harvey Cushing of Boston.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's, printing an update dated October 1923, described the American College of Surgeons as having "some 2,800" members admitted "only after the most rigid investigation"; the College, founded in 1913, now has more than 80,000 Fellows worldwide and its annual Clinical Congress draws far larger crowds than the Chicago meeting described. The "new anaesthetic" ethylene that so interested the 1923 delegates was abandoned within a couple of decades, largely because it was explosively flammable, and modern anaesthesia rests on halogenated agents and intravenous drugs unknown then. The College's hospital standardization work, begun in 1918, was handed over in 1951 to what became the Joint Commission, and the ACS today is better known for its trauma centre verification programme, its Commission on Cancer and its surgical quality databases. Two names in the notice have outlasted the meeting: Harvey Cushing, the outgoing president, is remembered as the founder of modern neurosurgery, and William Mayo's clinic in Rochester remains one of the most famous hospitals in the world.
Written for this edition, 2026.