Tanganyika
2 of the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Tanganyika. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
tan-gan-ye'ka, one of the great lakes of central Africa. It forms a meeting point of Rhodesia, German East Africa , and the Congo Free State. It is about 400 miles long and from ten to sixty miles wide. It lies in the great African rift valley, hence it takes a north and south direction. The eastern shore is hilly; the western is mountainous. The waters escape westward through a cleft and reach the Congo. The lake is deep and is slightly brackish near the shores. The fisheries are of value. It is one of the last resorts of the crocodile and the hippopotamus. The lake was discovered by Speke and Burton in 1858. Its shores were visited by Living-stone and by Stanley. Both English and German steamers ply on the lake. Ujiji is the chief port. A well worn trail leads to the coast of Zanzibar. Ujiji will one day be a station of the Cape to Cairo Railway .
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a lake of Central Africa, to the S. of Lake Albert Nyanza. It extends from about lat. 3° 25' to 8° 40′ S., and from lon. 29° 20' to 32° 20′ E. It is 420 miles long, has an average breadth of about 30 miles, and is 2,700 feet above the level of the sea. The basin in which it lies is inclosed by an almost continuous series of hills and mountains. It is fed by numerous rivers and streamlets, and discharges by the river Lukuga into the Kongo. There are several London Missionary Society stations on Tanganyika, and on the E. shore is the Arab town of Ujiji. A carriage road, 210 miles, runs to Nyassa. Tanganyika was discovered by Speke and Burton in 1858. Since the Peace Treaty of 1919 it belongs to the British post of the "Department of Tanganyika," shared with Belgium. The lake was in the war zone in 1916-1918.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Aiton's 1910 entry places the lake where "Rhodesia, German East Africa, and the Congo Free State" meet; every one of those names has gone. German East Africa passed to Britain as the mandate of Tanganyika Territory in 1922, became independent in 1961, and merged with Zanzibar in 1964 to form Tanzania — so the lake's name now belongs to a former country as well as to the water, which today borders Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Burundi and Zambia. Sounding since these accounts were written has shown the lake to be about 1,470 metres (4,800 feet) deep, the second deepest in the world after Baikal and second only to it in volume of fresh water, and its several hundred endemic cichlid fishes have made it a classic case study in evolution. Ujiji, "the chief port" that Aiton expected to become a station on the Cape to Cairo Railway, was overtaken by neighbouring Kigoma, terminus of the German-built line from Dar es Salaam; the through route from Cape to Cairo was never completed.
Written for this edition, 2026.