Temple
Temple names 5 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below. 1 of them is described by more than one encyclopedia.
Temple an edifice erected and dedicated to the service of some deity or deities
Described by 2 of the 6 encyclopedias.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
an edifice erected and dedicated to the service of some deity or deities, and connected with some pagan system of worship. The term is generally applied to such structures among the Greeks, Romans, gyptians, and other ancient nations, as well as to structures serving the same purpose among modern heathen nations. Among all ancient nations the usual plan of a temple was rectangular, seldom circular. Among the Greeks rectangular temples were classed in forms, according to their architectural The circular temples, which are far from common, and in which Corinthian columns are usually employed, were, for the most part, intended for the worship of Vesta. Among the Etruscans the form of the temples differed from the Grecian, the ground plan more nearly approaching a square, the sides being in the proportion of five to six. The interior of these temples was divided into two parts, the front portion being an open portico resting on pillars, while the back part contained the sanctuary itself, and consisted of three cellæ placed alongside one another. The inter-columniation was considerably greater than in Grecian temples. Among the Romans a temple, in the restricted sense of an edifice set apart for the worship of the gods, consisted essentially of two parts only-a small apartment or sanctuary, the cella, sometimes only a niche for receiving the image of the god, and an altar standing in front of it, upon which were placed the offerings of the suppliant. The most celebrated temples of the ancients were those of Jupiter Olympus in Athens, of Diana (or Artemis) at Ephesus, of Apollo at Delphi, and of Vesta at Tivoli and It is also an edifice erected among Christians as a place of public worship; a church; and the name of two semi-monastic establishments of the Middle Ages -one in London, the other in Paris-inhabited by the Knights Templar. only portion of either now existing.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
a structure designed for the worship of a deity or deities. The Mormons of Utah call their great church The Temple. In France Protestant places of worship are called temples by way of distinction from Catholic churches. Bryant says, "The groves were God's first temples." Ordinarily, however, the word temple is apt to call into mind idols and heathen practices. The heathen temple was not a place for the people to worship, but a home and a treasure-house for the divinity worshiped. It was shrouded in mystery and was entered only by the priests. In this respect the Holy of Holies in Solomon's Temple was adapted to ancient forms of worship. It was entered by priests only. India is noted for cave temples hewn out of the solid rock. Both Brahmin and Buddhist excavated temples of this sort. Their open air temples are of pyramidal form and are known as pagodas. The Egyptians built enormous temples. Lofty solid walls were entered by tremendous gateways. Portions of the interior were roofed with slabs supported on great pillars. Part of the interior area was open to the sky. The most celebrated temples of antiquity were those of the Greeks. The Greek temple stood usually on a terraced rectangle of marble. The walls were at a sufficient distance from the edges of the terrace to leave a broad walk. A row of massive pillars ran around the edge of the terrace. They screened the walk or porch and supported a heavy entablature, architrave, frieze, and cornice. The whole building was of marble, roofed with slabs. Apertures in the roof admitted light. The most noted Greek temples, if we name but three, were those of Zeus at Olympia, Apollo at Delphi, and the Parthenon of Athena at Athens. See Architecture ; Thebes ; Parthenon
Temple SOLOMON'S sions were 60 cubits (90 feet) long
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SOLOMON'S sions were 60 cubits (90 feet) long; 20 cubits (30 feet) wide, and 30 cubits (45 feet) high. The stone for its erection was dressed before its arrival, so that the edifice arose noiselessly (I Kings vi: 7); the floor was of cedar, boarded over with planks of fir; the wainscoting was of cedar, covered with gold, as was the whole interior. The Temple was surrounded by an inner court for the priest. here was also a Great or Outward Court, called specially the Court of the Lord's House. This temple was destroyed by the Babylonians during siege of Jerusalem under Nebuchadnezzar. On the return from Babylon, a temple, far inferior to Solomon's, was commenced under Zerubbabel, b. c. 534, and, after a long intermission, was resumed B. C. 520, and completed B. C. 516, under Darius Hystaspes. The second temple was gradually removed by Herod, as he proceeded with the building or rebuilding of a temple, designed to rival the first rather than the second. The work was commenced B. C. 21 or 20. In the courts of this temple Jesus preached and healed the sick. It caught fire during the siege of Jerusalem under Titus, and notwithstanding his efforts to save it, was burned to the ground.
Temple SOLOMON'S, the building reared by Solomon as a habitation for Jehovah
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SOLOMON'S, the building reared by Solomon as a habitation for Jehovah, though the king was aware that God could not be confined to an earthly edifice, or even to the heaven of heavens. It was built on Mount Moriah (II Chron. iii: 1), chiefly by Tyrian workmen, and had massive foundations. Its dimen-
Temple a city of Texas
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a city of Texas, in Bell co. It is on the Gulf, Gulf, Colorado, Co and Santa Fe and the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroads. Its industries include cottonseed oil mills, cotton gins, foundries, flour
Temple SOLOMON'S candy factories
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
SOLOMON'S candy factories, and a cold - storage It has a sanitarium, two hosand a public library. Pop. ( 1910) 10,993; (1920) 11,033.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Both accounts frame temples as belonging to "pagan" or "heathen" systems set apart from Christian churches, a division no modern archaeologist or historian of religion would draw; temples are now studied as one form of sacred building among many, and the vocabulary of "heathen practices" has been dropped entirely. Aiton's 1910 note that "the Mormons of Utah call their great church The Temple" has been overtaken by events: the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints now operates temples on every inhabited continent, numbering in the hundreds, and the Salt Lake Temple itself closed in 2019 for a multi-year seismic renovation. On the Greek side, the gleaming white marble both entries describe is now known to have been brightly painted, and the Parthenon has been under continuous scientific restoration since 1975. As for Solomon's Temple, the measurements Collier's quotes from I Kings remain the only real evidence: no remains of the first temple have ever been excavated, since the Temple Mount platform cannot be dug.
Written for this edition, 2026.