Thrace

Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)

EASTERN AND WEST- ERN, divided by the Maritza River. Both divisions were held by Greece from 1919 to 1922, having first been lost by of water accompanying or marking the versity of Michigan in 1883, being admitted to the bar in Utah shortly after his twenty-first birthday. He was a member of the first Utah Senate in 1896. In 1901 he was elected to Congress and served one term in the House of Representatives, declining renomination and being chosen Senator the following year. After serving two terms in the Senate, he was defeated for reelection in 1916. In 1922 he represented the United States in the Norwegian war shipping contracts case before the Hague Court of Arbitration. He was appointed to the Supreme Court by President Harding September 6, 1922. Former president of the American Bar Association (1916). Author "Constitutionality and World Affairs" (1919). T Turkey to Bulgaria in the first Balkan War, 1912-13, and been afterward divided between these two countries. Greece acquired possession of the western or Bulgarian portion by the Treaty of Neuilly in 1919, when she also occupied Eastern Thrace. This was ceded to her by the Treaty of Sèvres, but the Turkish Nationalists did not recognize that treaty and demanded the immediate return of Eastern Thrace, while consenting to a plebiscite for the western portion. Following the victories of the Turkish Nationalists over the Greeks in 1922, Eastern Thrace was surrendered in accordance with their terms. Western Thrace was left to Greece and the Turkish demands in regard to a plebiscite were denied by the Powers at the Near Eastern Conference held at Lausanne. An outlet for Bulgaria through Western Thrace was also provided for at that conference. The Greek population of Eastern Thrace was formerly conside able, but the number was reduced by hardship and migration after 1914 and was practically eliminated by the final migration of over 300,000 men, women, and children before the last return of the Turks. (October, 1922). The Turkish population of Western Thrace is variously estimated at from 100,000 to 300,000. An understanding reached at Lausanne was that these Turks should not be expelled if the Greek population of Constantinople was likewise permitted to remain in that city.