Turpin
2 of the 7 encyclopedias on this shelf carry an entry for Turpin. Both are reproduced below, so you can see where they agree and where they differ.
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
a French clergyman; Archbishop of Rheims, friend and companion of Charlemagne, the suppositious author of the "History of Charlemagne and Roland." According to Gaston Paris, this falls into two parts: the first (1050) dealing in five chapters with Spain with- Charlemagne's conquest of est of out reference to Roland; the second iving the legend of Roland, the treachery of Ganelon, (early in 12th century) giving Roland's heroic death at Roncevaux, and the king's vengeance on the Saracens. In the "Song of Roland" itself Turpin dies beside its hero, and is buried with him and Oliver at Blaye near Bordeaux. There was actually an Archbishop Tilpinus of Rheims (753-800); but there can be no doubt that the romance in its present form was put together in the first third of the 12th century, most probably with a view to the glory of St. James of Compostella. From internal evidence it has seemed to critics highly probable that Pope Calixtus II. either wrote or at least inspired the work himself while yet Guy de Bourgogne, Archbishop of Vienne. Turpin died Sept. 2, 800.
Aiton's Encyclopedia (1910)
Dick, a notorious English highwayman. He was bred a butcher's apprentice, but turned cattle thief and highway robber. He and his famous trick mare, Black Bess, were the terror of drovers returning with money and of gentlemen riding across country without a guard. He was a lawless, daring man, guilty of many brutal crimes. He is supposed to have been hanged for murder in 1739. His stirring adventures have been drawn upon by various writers, all of whom depict him as a friend of the common people--the hero of the countryside.