Wharton
Wharton names 2 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Wharton FRANCIS, an American jurist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
FRANCIS, an American jurist; born in Philadelphia, Pa., March 7 , 1820; was graduated at Yale College in 1839, and admitted to the bar in 1843. From 1856 to 1863 he was Professor of Logic and Rhetoric in Kenyon College, O.; in 1863 was ordained in the Protestant Episcopal Church and became rector of St. Paul's in Brookline, Mass., and in 1866 became a professor in the Episcopal Divinity School at Cambridge, Mass. He also held the chair of international law in the Boston Law School. In 1885 he was appointed solicitor for the State Department. Under a resolution of Congress (1888) he was made editor of the Revolutionary diplomatic correspondence of the United States. He wrote extensively on legal and theological subjects. His best known work is a "Treatise on the Criminal Law of the United States" (1846), which is accepted as a standard. He wrote also: "Precedents of Indictments and Pleas"; a "Treatise on Medical Jurisprudence," "The Conflict of Laws" (1872); "The Law of Agency and Agents" (1876); Commentary " on the Law of Contracts" (1882); "Treatise on the Law of Evidence and Criminal Issues." He died in Washington, D. C., Feb. 21, 1889.
Wharton EDITH (NEWBOLD JONES)
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
EDITH (NEWBOLD JONES), an American novelist, born in New York City in 1862. In 1885 she married Edward Wharton of Boston. She achieved great success by her first novel "The Greater Inclination" (1899). This was followed by "Crucial Instances" (1901); "The Valley of Decision" (1902); "The House of Mirth" (1906); "The Fruit of the Tree" (1907); "The Custom of the Country" (1913); "Xingu" (1916 ); "The Age of Innocence". She took an active part in relief work in France during the World War and wrote "Fighting France" (1915); and "Summer" (1917). Mrs. Wharton was recognized as one of the most talented American writers of modern fiction. She was made a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor of France for her services during the war.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
Collier's listed Edith Wharton's books in 1921 and called her "one of the most talented American writers of modern fiction" — without knowing that the last title on its list, "The Age of Innocence," would that same year win the Pulitzer Prize, making her the first woman to receive it for fiction. She went on to take an honorary doctorate from Yale in 1923 (again the first woman), to publish more than a dozen further books, and to die in France in 1937 leaving "The Buccaneers" unfinished; her Lenox, Massachusetts house, The Mount, is now a museum. Collier's omitted "Ethan Frome" (1911), today probably her most widely read work, and it misdescribed "The Greater Inclination" (1899), a story collection, as a novel — her first novel was "The Valley of Decision." Francis Wharton's account still stands, though his once-standard criminal law and evidence treatises have been superseded; his edition of the Revolutionary diplomatic correspondence remains in use by historians.
Written for this edition, 2026.