Wheaton
Wheaton names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Wheaton FRANK, an American military officer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
FRANK, an American military officer; born in Providence, R. 1833; was graduated at Brown I., May 8, 8, University; entered the army as lieutenant in the 1st United States Cavalry in 1855, and until the outbreak of the Civil War was chiefly engaged in campaigns against the Indians in Nebraska, Missouri, and Kansas; was promoted captain in March, 1861, and colonel, July 21, 1861; and was appointed a Brigadier- General of volunteers in November, 1862. He served with the Army of the Potomac throughout the Civil War, taking part in the battle of Gettysburg, the Shenandoah Valley campaign, and in other important movements; was promoted Brigadier-General, in April, 1892, and Major-General in April, 1897; and was retired May 8, following. He died June 18, 1903.
Wheaton LLOYD, an American military officer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
LLOYD, an American military officer; born in Michigan, July 15, 1838; served through the Civil War; won distinction in the battle of Shiloh and in other important actions; and became colonel of the 8th Illinois Volunteers. On July 1, 1866, he was appointed captain in the 34th United States Infantry; Sept. 11, 1895, was commissioned colonel of the 7th Infantry; and in July, 1898, was appointed a Brigadier-Genera of volunteers. During the Spanish- American War he commanded the 1st Brigade, 1st Division of the 7th Army Corps. In January, 1899, he was assigned to duty with the 20th Infantry in the Philippines, and in 1901 was promoted Brigadier-General, U. S. A. He retired in 1902.
Wheaton HENRY, an American jurist
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
HENRY, an American jurist; born in Providence, R. I.. Nov. 27, 1785; was graduated at Brown University, 1802; practiced law in New York, K , 1812, and edited the "National Advocate." He was a reporter of the United States Supreme Court in 1816-1827, and then became chargé d'affaires to Denmark (1827-1835), and in 1835-1846 minister to Berlin. His chief writings are: "Digest of Maritime Law" (1815); "Life of "Reports of William Pinkney" (1826); 6); Cases in the Supreme Court" (12 vols. 1827); "History of the Northmen" (1831); "Elements of International Law" (1836); "History of the Law of Nations" (1841). He died in Dorchester, Mass., March 11, 1848.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
All three lives were closed before Collier's wrote in 1921 -- Frank Wheaton died in 1903, Henry Wheaton in 1848 -- and the biographical outlines given here still stand. What has grown rather than changed is Henry Wheaton's reach: his "Elements of International Law" (1836) was translated into Chinese in 1864 by the missionary W. A. P. Martin and became the text through which Qing China and Meiji Japan first met Western international law, a point the entry does not mention. His work as Supreme Court reporter also produced Wheaton v. Peters (1834), still cited as the case that established there is no copyright in the opinions of judges. Lloyd Wheaton's Philippine command, passed over here in a sentence, is now read in the harsher light of modern scholarship on the Philippine-American War.
Written for this edition, 2026.