Wheeler
Wheeler names 3 different subjects across the 6 encyclopedias on this shelf. Each is set out below.
Wheeler JOSEPH, an American military officer
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
JOSEPH, an American military officer; born in Augusta, Ga., 18 Sept. 10, 1836, was graduated at the BRIGADIER-GENERAL JOSEPH WHEELER United States Military Academy in 1859; served in the cavalry till the outbreak of the Civil War, when he entered the Confederate army, in which he was commis- Vol. X. 23 sioned Major-General and senior commander of cavalry. He won great distinction during the Civil War as a raider. On Oct. 2, 1863, he crossed the Tennessee river and led 4,000 mounted men up the Sequatchie valley, where he burned a Union supply train of nearly 1,000 wagons; and was afterward attacked and forced to withdraw by Col. E. M. Mc- Cook. He then moved to McMinnville, where he destroyed another supply train and captured about 600 men. Gen. George Crook attacked him at Farmington, capturing 200 of his men, four guns, and 1,000 small arms. Wheeler then crossed the Tennessee, having taken property of an estimated value of $3,000,000, but with a loss of 2,000 men. In July, 1864, he was ordered with 8,000 men to harass General Sherman's rear. In August he moved against Sherman's supply depot at Allatoona, ona, but was repulsed. ulsed. Later he made a dash into East Tennessee and threatened McMinnville, Murfreesboro, and Lebanon, but was driven into northern Alabama. After the war he entered the law profession; held a seat in Congress in 1881-1899; and was made Major- General of volunteers in May, 1898. During the Santiago campaign in Cuba he commanded the Cavalry Division; participated in the battles of Las Guasimas and San Juan Hill; was appointed senior member of the commission to make rangements for the surrender of the Spanish army; served in the Philippines as commander of the 1st Brigade, 2d Division, from August, 1899, to January, 1900; was appointed a Brigadier- General, U. S. A., June 16, 1900, 16, 1900, and retired on Sept. 10, following. He died in 1906.
Wheeler BENJAMIN IDE, an American educator
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
BENJAMIN IDE, an American educator; born in Randolph, Mass., July 15, 1854; was graduated at Brown University in 1875; became Professor of Philology at Cornell University in 1886 and of Greek in 1888; accepted the similar chair in the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Greece, in 1896; and was elected president of the University of California in July, 1899. In 1909-1910 he was Roosevelt professor at the University of Berlin. In 1919 he became president emeritus of the University of California. He was the author of "The Greek Noun-Accent" (1883); "Analogy in Language" (1887); "Introduction to the History of Language" (1890); "Organization of Higher ion in the United States" (1896); Education "Life of Alexander the Great" (1900); etc., and was the editor of the department of philology in "Johnson's Universal Cyclopædia" and of Macmillan's "Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology."
Wheeler WILLIAM ALMON, an American statesman
Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)
WILLIAM ALMON, an American statesman; born in Malone, N. Y., June 30, 1819. He was admitted to the bar in 1845; in 1857 he became a banker and was also connected with the management of railroads. He was a member and president pro tem. of the State Senate, 1858-1859; and was elected to Congress in 1860, serving only one term; was president of the State Constitutional Convention in 1867; served in Congress from 1869-1877; was chairman of the committee on the Pacific railroad company. He was the first member of Congress to return his "back pay." He settled the Louisiana difficulties by the bill called the "Wheeler Compromise." In 1876 he was nominated for Vice-President by the Republican party and was elected. He died in Malone, June 4, 1887.
What Has Changed in the Last Century
All three men were already dead or near the end of their careers when Collier's wrote in 1921, so the biographical facts stand; only the reputations have moved. Joseph Wheeler, whose death the entry notes without a date, died 25 January 1906 and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery, one of the very few Confederate generals to lie there; the Tennessee Valley Authority's Wheeler Dam in Alabama, finished in 1936, and the adjoining Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge carry his name, and like other Confederate commemorations they have drawn scrutiny in recent decades. Benjamin Ide Wheeler, listed here as president emeritus, died in 1927, and Berkeley's Wheeler Hall still bears his name; his twenty years as president are credited with turning the University of California into a major institution. William Almon Wheeler remains one of the least-remembered vice-presidents, chiefly recalled for the detail Collier's gives "the first member of Congress to return his 'back pay.'"
Written for this edition, 2026.