New-Chwang
or NIU-CHWANG, a city of China, province of Manchuria, on the Liao river, 20 miles from its mouth and 120 from Mukden. By the treaty of Tientsin (1858) New-chwang was opened to foreign trade. From the reaches of the river, vessels are obliged to load and discharge at Ying-tzu, at its mouth. It is there the Europeans are settled, and they call Ying-tzu by tne name of the treaty port No rt New-chwangwhich latter is now a greatly decayed place. Ying-tzu imports cotton, woolen, and silk goods, sugar, paper, metals, opium, tobacco, etc. Large quantities of salt are manufactured in the vicinity.
The port was captured by the Japanese in March, 1895; in 1896 provision was made for connecting it with the Siberian railway. The port is closed four or five months from November with ice. Since 1872 Scotch Presbyterian missionaries have been working here; there is also a Roman Catholic mission. Pop. about 65,000.