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Newcastle-Upon-Tyne

a city in Northumberland co., England, on the Tyne, 54 miles E. of Carlisle. It is built on an acclivity extending along the river on the site of an old Roman camp. The principal buildings are St. Nicholas Church, the Mansion House, the Trinity House, Exchange, and Moot Hall. In Grey street is erected a column 136 feet high, and surmounted by a colossal statue of Earl Grey. The chief manufactures are glass, pottery, chemicals, iron, tin, and other metal goods. Ship building is carried on largely. Its importance is mainly owing to the coal trade from the mines along both banks of the Tyne. The proverbial expression, "Carrying coals to Newcastle," allusion to this city. The port of Newcastle is fourth in rank in Great Britain. Pop. about 300,000.