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Progress of Modern Science (FROM A D)

FROM A. D. 1738 Το 1767.

Physics and Mechanics.

Chemistry. 1738. Bernouilli Hawksbee's electrical machine. makes the first at- 1740. tempt to measure the earth's density. 1744. Celsius Fahrenheit, and Reaumur mark off degrees on thermometer. 1746. Franklin's experiments in electricity. 1752. Franklin proves identity of electricity and lightning.

Physical Geography Biology. and Geology. on molecules of 1740. Lazzaro gases.

Moro on the for- 1741. Linnæus' mation of the crust of the earth. botanical garden at Upsala. 1743. Haller on contraction of the muscles; anatomical plates. 1748. Haller and Hunter on comparative anatomy. 1749. Hutton be- 1749. Buffon's gins to examine the formations of the earth's crust. 'Natural History;' distribution of animals. 1750. Daubenton's anatomy. 1753. Linnæus introduces specific names. 1754. Bonnet on leaves of plants. 1761. Sun's distance first meas- 1757. Dolland's achromatic telescope. ured by the transit 1760. Black on laof Venus; De- tent heat in meltlisle's method introduced. ing ice and in steam. 1764-1780.

Lagrange, libration of the moon. 1756. Black extracts 'fixed air' from limestone and examines it. 1761. Bergmann on chemical affinity and 'tests;' proves that fixed air is an acid. 1762. Bonnet and Spallanzani on regrowth of severed limbs. of 1764. Bonnet on development animals. 1765. Watt's steam- 1766. Cavendish engine. discovers hydrogen. 1767. Sprengel on fertilization of plants.

Astronomy.

Physics and Mechanics.