Chill
The heavy cast-iron casing or former which is placed to give shape to the casting, and, by its rapid absorption of heat, produces a hard chilled surface there. This mode of chilling or hardening is the one pursued for treads of wheels, rolls of various kinds, and many other purposes. See CAR-WHEEL; ROLLS; STEEL-CASTINGS; CASE-HARDENING.
China-clay is prepared by washing a white decomposed granite found in the southwestern part of England and other places. It is prepared by first breaking into pieces and allowing streams of water to carry it to pits, where, having settled to the consistence of cream, it is run into moulds to be subsequently kiln-dried. It is then cut into convenient-sized blocks and shipped for the manufacture of porcelain, earthenware, paper, etc., as well as for numerous other purposes in the iron industries, such as the manufacture of crucibles, etc. This is the kaolin of the foundry, being the name given by the Chinese to a similar clay found in China and used by them in making porcelain. See FELDSPAR; KAOLIN; DAUBING.