Moulding
The art of preparing moulds from plastic materials of such a nature as will successfully resist the intense heat of molten metal,--as loam or sand,--in which may be formed the object to be produced in metal, the process being completed when the metal has been melted, run into the mould, and solidified. True, there are moulds used for special purposes in iron-casting other than those composed of sand; as for instance, rolls, car-wheels, etc., which require to be chilled in parts. This is accomplished by providing smooth cast-iron surfaces for the metal to lie against. Again, castings in zinc, lead, tin, or alloys made from these metals are frequently cast in moulds composed entirely of either brass or iron; by this means the castings are not only a true duplicate of each other, but are made much cheaper. For flexible moulds, see GLUE-MOULDS and ELASTIC MOULDS; also, "The Iron Founder" and "The Iron Founder Supplement," in which works the whole art of moulding is comprehensively set forth.
Moulding in Dry Sand.--See DRY-SAND MOULDING.
Moulding in Loam.--See LOAM-MOULDING.