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Chronological Table: Charles (Martel Maire du Palais governs)

Charles Martel, Maire du Palais, governs all France for twenty-six years. 716 Childeric II. King of France.

LEO (the Isaurian) Emperor of the East, surnamed Iconomachus. 720 Omar II. besieges Constantinople without success. -- Thierry IV. King of France. 726 Leo forbids the worship of images, which occasions a great rebellion of his subjects, the Pope defending the practice. orders Pope Gregory to be seized, and sent to Constantinople; but the order is frustrated, and Leo confiscates the imperial domains of Sicily and Calabria.

IIO A. D. 729 The Saracens ravage Gallia Narbonnensis.

Pope Gregory III. 732 Charles Martel defeats the Saracens between Tours and Poictiers. 736 Leo persecutes the Monks. 737 Death of Pelagius, who preserved the Christian monarchy in Asturia. 740 741 The duchy of Spoleto seized by the Normans-Recovered by the Pope. Pope Zachary. 742 Childeric III. King of France.

CONSTANTINE (Copronymus) Emperor of the East.-Enemy to images defeats and puts to death Artabazdus, who had seized and saint-worship. 743 Constantinople. 745 destroys the fleet of the Saracens. 749 The race of the Abassidæ become Caliphs of the Saracens. 751 Pepin (Le Bref) King of France, founder of the second or Carlovingian race. 752 Pope Stephen III. 753 Astolphus King of the Lombards, having subdued the Exarchate of Ravenna, constitutes it a Dukedom, and claims from the Pope the Dukedom of Rome. 754 Pope Stephen requests the assistance of Pepin against the Lombards. - Pepin invades Italy, and strips Astolphus of his new possessions, conferring them on the Pope as a temporal sovereignty.