H
Hammer
A tool consisting of an iron head fixed crosswise upon a handle. The hammers in common use are of different kinds: including the heaviest…
Hammer-pick
A furnace-man's steel tool, having a hammer face and sharpened point at the respective ends of the head. Used for cutting out and trimming…
Hand-barrow
A wooden platform provided with lifting-handles at both ends. Such wheelless barrows are extremely useful for carrying light loads, as…
Hand-screw Clamp
A pair of jaws regulated by two hand-screws, used principally by wood-workers, but a very handy contrivance for binding work in the…
Hand-truck
A small vehicle to be propelled by one man. It may be a platform with three or four wheels, with swivel lock on the front for turning…
Hard Alloy
It is claimed that if an alloy is made from 4 copper, 7 zinc, and 1 tin, it will resist all attempts at turning; but if petroleum is used…
Hardening Metals
The processes for hardening or tempering the several metals are various. Steel is wonderfully affected by heating and then plunging into…
Hardness of Minerals
The hardness of minerals, beginning with the hardest, is as follows: Diamond 1, corundum 2, sapphire 3, topaz 4, quartz 5, feldspar 6…
Hardness of Precious Stones
See PRECIOUS STONES. Hard Pig-iron is distinguished by showing at the fracture a dull, grayish-white color, flaky in appearance, with more…
Hardware
A common term for such manufactures as are produced from the useful metals, iron, steel, copper, zinc, tin, brass, and some of the commoner…
Hay Rope
Hay twisted into rope to any desired thickness, and used for wrapping core-barrels before the clay and loam is applied, its purpose being…
Hay-rope Twister
A machine for spinning hay or straw ropes. Formerly rope-spinning was a tedious operation, consisting of a simple hooked crank which an…
Head
An extension added to the top end of a casting when the mould is poured in a vertical position and it is desired to obtain a surface that…
Heap-sand
The common sand on the foundry floor. When a moulder is using a certain quantity of sand every day for filling a set number of flasks with…
Heart-trowel
A moulder's tool with a heart-shaped blade. When, instead of a handle, another tool is forged at the opposite end, it is called a…
Heat
We experience the sensation of heat when we approach a warm body. The opposite of heat is cold, which merely implies a greater or less…
Height of Cupola
What is commonly understood to be the height of a cupola is the distance from the bottom up to the lower edge of the charging-hole. When it…
Hematite
A valuable iron ore, consisting chiefly of peroxide of iron. It occurs in large quantities, its two chief varieties being red and brown…
Hemp Rope
A thin hemp band is sometimes wrapped on core-barrels in place of hay or straw rope when it is desired to obtain a greater thickness of…
Hessian Crucible
A triangular-shaped crucible, made from the best fire-clay and coarse sand. They are a cheap kind, and come in nests of sizes from 2 to 8…
Hide-faced Hammers
Hammers provided with faces of hide, suitable for a variety of uses, but especially valuable where light, thin castings are made from iron…
Hoisting-block
See HOISTING-MACHINE. Hoisting-machine is a convenient hoisting-block, very handy for use in places remote from the crane. The Weston…
Hole
A foundry term for a pit or trench dug in the sand floor, in which to mould a casting by the bedding-in process. Such a hole takes the…
Hollow Metal Castings
Hollow or shell castings, in lead, tin, zinc, and their alloys, are obtained by using a brass mould, which is filled with metal, and, after…
Homogeneous
Of the same kind or nature; having similar parts; or, of elements of the like nature; as, homogeneous particles, elements, or principles…
Hook
A forged piece of iron bent into a suitable curve for some purpose of catching, holding, or sustaining; such as the crane-hook, sling-hook…
Hook-bolt
A bolt, one end of which is threaded for a nut, the other turned as a hook, and used for various purposes in the foundry, such as binding…
Hoop-binder
A substitute for the binding-plate in a brick cope, consisting of a length of hoop-iron with which to tie the course of brick. These may be…
Horse-manure
A means for conveying gases from the loam used for building and coating the moulds and cores. The quality of sands and mixtures employed…
Hose
A flexible pipe, made of rubber, leather, and various other flexible materials, for conveying fluids, especially water. When of good…
Hot and Cold Blast
When the stream of air forced through a furnace is drawn direct from the atmosphere, it is called cold-blast; when it is heated to 500 deg…
House-bells
A special mixture for this class of bells is copper 77, tin 21, antimony 2. See BELL-METAL; BRASS. Hundredweight signifies a weight of 112…
Hydraulic Crane
Invented by Sir William Armstrong in 1846, who erected the first in Newcastle-on-Tyne. These cranes have come into very extensive use where…
Hydraulics
The science of hydraulics treats of liquids in motion, whether issuing from orifices, or running in pipes or the beds of streams. If an…
Hydrocarbon Furnace
A furnace having special burners suitable for using liquid fuel. The burners consist of an apparatus which allows a forced jet of air and…
Hydrostatic Balance
A specific-gravity balance. See SPECIFIC GRAVITY; SPECIFIC-GRAVITY BALANCE. Hydrostatic Bellows is an apparatus which serves to explain…
Hand-ladle – Hydraulic Casting-press
See LADLES. Copper 100, tin 10, zinc 5. See BRASS; SPECULUM METAL.