I

Water solidifies by cold at 32 deg. F. Salt-water ice in salt water floats with only one-ninth…

(See Part I.)

A peculiar iron shape used for anchoring a vessel to the ice.

As its name implies, an axe used for chopping ice. It has an extremely long head. (See…

A shimmering whiteness about the horizon caused by the reflection of light from a field of ice.

A fore-and-aft sail is supported by beams resting on iron-shod runners, which are connected…

A basin, either natural or sawed out with ice-saws, sufficiently large to haul the ship into.…

An iron instrument used for planting in the ice ahead of the vessel and warping her along.…

(See Ice Lead.)

A temporary channel of water leading into or through an ice field, but which is liable to…

A person employed on board of vessels navigating the polar seas whose duty it is to give…

The meeting of two floating bodies of ice. When a vessel is caught between two such bodies she…

A large steel saw used for cutting a channel through ice, varying in length from 10 to 25 feet.

(See Ice Lead.)

A floating ice mass of great magnitude being detached from glaciers on the shores of the polar…

Being prevented from sailing by being surrounded by ice.

Those members of the ship's company who do not stand watch, such as the cooks, stewards,…

A line supposed to exist between the race committee's boat and the flag boat or other object,…

To seize for public use; to use compulsion in getting crews for public vessels; to force…

On board.

Within the hull.

The order to get on board all the boats not carried at the davits. Up boats is the order to…

The order given to the bow oarsmen of a single-banked boat, or the two bow oarsmen of a…

The order to clew up a square sail or to drop the peak and throat of a fore-and-aft sail.

The situation of a vessel after her helm has been put down and she has come up into the wind…

When a ship is so close to the wind that all her sails are shivering.

A term sometimes used for the scantling of the timbers the moulding way, but more particularly…

A shell charged with an inflammable substance, which escapes when the shell is broken by…

When light is reflected from a surface, as in the artificial horizon, the angle of incidence…

(See Earth's Inclination.)

(See Scale.)

A name given to the flat bar on a navigating instrument of reflection which has the mirror on…

The adjustment of the index glass of the quadrant, octant or sextant, which consists of making…

When the horizon glass and index glass are parallel to one another, zero on the vernier should…

The mirror at the top of the index or sliding limb which reflects the image of the sun to the…

A name given to the large sailing ships once belonging to the East India Company, but now a…

An instrument for registering the pressure in a cylinder at all parts of the stroke.

The closed curve or figure traced by the pencil of the indicator.

A strong current setting through a strait, such as the Straits of Gibraltar, which connects…

The slight error due to the expansion and contraction of the sextant frame from changes of…

(See Planet.)

(See Signals.)

The pressure of the steam as it enters the cylinder.

The cold water supplied to the condenser for condensing the exhaust steam.

Those leading the injection water from overboard into the condenser.

An instrument for feeding water into a boiler in which the steam acts upon the water direct.

Rivers, harbors, bays, gulfs, seas, lakes and sounds.

The head-sail next forward of the fore-staysail on some merchant sailing vessels. (See…

A piece of oak timber, brought on and fayed to the foreside of the main stern-post, for the…

A vessel is inshore of another when the former is the nearest to the land.

A sheltered or land-locked course over which vessels race.

(See Uniform.)

The error of an angle measured on a quadrant, octant or sextant, due to the horizon glass not…

(See Part II.)

(See Marine Insurance.)

(See Day.)

The North-east, South-east, South-west and North-west points of the compass.

That between the high and low-pressure cylinders of a triple expansion engine.

(See Armor.)

A transit of Mercury or Venus across the sun's disc.

The code of signals adopted by all maritime nations for communicating with vessels at sea,…

Finding the value of an element falling between two given values, as the reduction of the…

A statement in writing giving the particulars and prices of each and every parcel of goods in…

Inward pilotage, towing into harbor, etc.

The loose end of a rope hanging out of a sail or from a yard in a slovenly manner.

The deck-horses for the stay-sail and other fore-and-aft sheet travelers. (See Horse.)

Blocks are said to be iron-bound when they have a metal strop. A coast is said to be…

A term applied to monitors during the war of the Rebellion. The qualification is applicable to…

A ship is said to be in irons when, after being thrown up into the wind in tacking, she…

Illumination; apparent enlargement of the diameter of heavenly bodies. This seldom exceeds 5…

Lines of equal barometric pressure in the regions chartered.

Equality of time, as in the vibration of the pendulum.

An equal time keeper; a clock designed to keep perfectly equal time.